دورية أكاديمية
أعرض في EDS

Spontaneous discovery of novel task solutions in children.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان: Spontaneous discovery of novel task solutions in children.
المؤلفون: Schuck NW; Max Planck Research Group NeuroCode, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany., Li AX; School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia., Wenke D; PFH Private University of Applied Sciences, Göttingen, Germany., Ay-Bryson DS; Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany., Loewe AT; Max Planck Research Group NeuroCode, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany., Gaschler R; School of Psychology, FernUniversität Hagen, Hagen, Germany., Shing YL; Institute of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.; Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.
المصدر: PloS one [PLoS One] 2022 May 31; Vol. 17 (5), pp. e0266253. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 May 31 (Print Publication: 2022).
نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
اللغة: English
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة: Original Publication: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science
مواضيع طبية MeSH: Attention* , Memory, Short-Term*, Adult ; Child ; Cognition ; Humans ; Learning
مستخلص: Children often perform worse than adults on tasks that require focused attention. While this is commonly regarded as a sign of incomplete cognitive development, a broader attentional focus could also endow children with the ability to find novel solutions to a given task. To test this idea, we investigated children's ability to discover and use novel aspects of the environment that allowed them to improve their decision-making strategy. Participants were given a simple choice task in which the possibility of strategy improvement was neither mentioned by instructions nor encouraged by explicit error feedback. Among 47 children (8-10 years of age) who were instructed to perform the choice task across two experiments, 27.5% showed a full strategy change. This closely matched the proportion of adults who had the same insight (28.2% of n = 39). The amount of erroneous choices, working memory capacity and inhibitory control, in contrast, indicated substantial disadvantages of children in task execution and cognitive control. A task difficulty manipulation did not affect the results. The stark contrast between age-differences in different aspects of cognitive performance might offer a unique opportunity for educators in fostering learning in children.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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تواريخ الأحداث: Date Created: 20220531 Date Completed: 20220602 Latest Revision: 20220716
رمز التحديث: 20231215
مُعرف محوري في PubMed: PMC9154107
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266253
PMID: 35639714
قاعدة البيانات: MEDLINE
الوصف
تدمد:1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0266253