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Lipid Biomarkers From Microbial Mats on the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica: Signatures for Life in the Cryosphere.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان: Lipid Biomarkers From Microbial Mats on the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica: Signatures for Life in the Cryosphere.
المؤلفون: Evans TW; Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States., Kalambokidis MJ; Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States., Jungblut AD; Life Sciences Department, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom., Millar JL; School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom., Bauersachs T; Institute of Geosciences, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany., Grotheer H; Marine Geochemistry, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany., Mackey TJ; Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States., Hawes I; Coastal Marine Field Station, University of Waikato, Tauranga, New Zealand., Summons RE; Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.
المصدر: Frontiers in microbiology [Front Microbiol] 2022 Jun 10; Vol. 13, pp. 903621. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jun 10 (Print Publication: 2022).
نوع المنشور: Journal Article
اللغة: English
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101548977 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 1664-302X (Print) Linking ISSN: 1664302X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Front Microbiol Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة: Original Publication: Lausanne : Frontiers Research Foundation
مستخلص: Persistent cold temperatures, a paucity of nutrients, freeze-thaw cycles, and the strongly seasonal light regime make Antarctica one of Earth's least hospitable surface environments for complex life. Cyanobacteria, however, are well-adapted to such conditions and are often the dominant primary producers in Antarctic inland water environments. In particular, the network of meltwater ponds on the 'dirty ice' of the McMurdo Ice Shelf is an ecosystem with extensive cyanobacteria-dominated microbial mat accumulations. This study investigated intact polar lipids (IPLs), heterocyte glycolipids (HGs), and bacteriohopanepolyols (BHPs) in combination with 16S and 18S rRNA gene diversity in microbial mats of twelve ponds in this unique polar ecosystem. To constrain the effects of nutrient availability, temperature and freeze-thaw cycles on the lipid membrane composition, lipids were compared to stromatolite-forming cyanobacterial mats from ice-covered lakes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys as well as from (sub)tropical regions and hot springs. The 16S rRNA gene compositions of the McMurdo Ice Shelf mats confirm the dominance of Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria while the 18S rRNA gene composition indicates the presence of Ochrophyta, Chlorophyta, Ciliophora, and other microfauna. IPL analyses revealed a predominantly bacterial community in the meltwater ponds, with archaeal lipids being barely detectable. IPLs are dominated by glycolipids and phospholipids, followed by aminolipids. The high abundance of sugar-bound lipids accords with a predominance of cyanobacterial primary producers. The phosphate-limited samples from the (sub)tropical, hot spring, and Lake Vanda sites revealed a higher abundance of aminolipids compared to those of the nitrogen-limited meltwater ponds, affirming the direct affects that N and P availability have on IPL compositions. The high abundance of polyunsaturated IPLs in the Antarctic microbial mats suggests that these lipids provide an important mechanism to maintain membrane fluidity in cold environments. High abundances of HG keto-ols and HG keto-diols, produced by heterocytous cyanobacteria, further support these findings and reveal a unique distribution compared to those from warmer climates.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2022 Evans, Kalambokidis, Jungblut, Millar, Bauersachs, Grotheer, Mackey, Hawes and Summons.)
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فهرسة مساهمة: Keywords: Antarctica; bacteriohopanepolyol; cyanobacteria; heterocyte glycolipids; homeoviscous adaptation; intact polar lipid; microbial mats
تواريخ الأحداث: Date Created: 20220627 Latest Revision: 20220716
رمز التحديث: 20240628
مُعرف محوري في PubMed: PMC9232131
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.903621
PMID: 35756013
قاعدة البيانات: MEDLINE
الوصف
تدمد:1664-302X
DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2022.903621