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Bovine Tuberculosis Epidemiology in Cameroon, Central Africa, Based on the Interferon-Gamma Assay.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان: Bovine Tuberculosis Epidemiology in Cameroon, Central Africa, Based on the Interferon-Gamma Assay.
المؤلفون: Kelly RF; Farm Animal Services, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.; Epidemiology, Economics and Risk Assessment (EERA) Group, The Roslin Institute, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom., Gonzaléz Gordon L; Epidemiology, Economics and Risk Assessment (EERA) Group, The Roslin Institute, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom., Egbe NF; School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom., Freeman EJ; Farm Animal Services, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom., Mazeri S; Epidemiology, Economics and Risk Assessment (EERA) Group, The Roslin Institute, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom., Ngwa VN; School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Cameroon., Tanya V; Cameroon Academy of Sciences, Yaoundé, Cameroon., Sander M; Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory Bamenda, Hospital Roundabout, Bamenda, Cameroon., Ndip L; Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon., Muwonge A; Epidemiology, Economics and Risk Assessment (EERA) Group, The Roslin Institute, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom., Morgan KL; Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease and School of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom., Handel IG; Epidemiology, Economics and Risk Assessment (EERA) Group, The Roslin Institute, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom., Bronsvoort BMDC; Epidemiology, Economics and Risk Assessment (EERA) Group, The Roslin Institute, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
المصدر: Frontiers in veterinary science [Front Vet Sci] 2022 Jul 22; Vol. 9, pp. 877541. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jul 22 (Print Publication: 2022).
نوع المنشور: Journal Article
اللغة: English
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101666658 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2297-1769 (Print) Linking ISSN: 22971769 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Front Vet Sci Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة: Original Publication: Lausanne : Frontiers Media S.A., [2014]-
مستخلص: Despite sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) accounting for ~20% of the global cattle population, prevalence estimates and related risk factors of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) are still poorly described. The increased sensitivity of the IFN-γ assay and its practical benefits suggest the test could be useful to investigate bTB epidemiology in SSA. This study used a population-based sample to estimate bTB prevalence, identify risk factors and estimate the effective reproductive rate in Cameroonian cattle populations. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the North West Region (NWR) and the Vina Division (VIN) of Cameroon in 2013. A regional stratified sampling frame of pastoral cattle herds produced a sample of 1,448 cattle from 100 herds. In addition, a smaller cross-sectional study sampled 60 dairy cattle from 46 small-holder co-operative dairy farmers in the NWR. Collected blood samples were stimulated with bovine and avian purified protein derivatives, with extracted plasma screened using the IFN-γ enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Prionics Bovigam ® ). Design-adjusted population prevalences were estimated, and multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression models using Bayesian inference techniques identified the risk factors for IFN-γ positivity. Using the IFN-γ assay, the prevalence of bTB in the dairy cattle was 21.7% (95% CI: 11.2-32.2). The design-adjusted prevalence of bTB in cattle kept by pastoralists was 11.4% (95% CI: 7.6-17.0) in the NWR and 8.0% (95% CI: 4.7-13.0) in the VIN. A within-herd prevalence estimate for pastoralist cattle also supported that the NWR had higher prevalence herds than the VIN. Additionally, the estimates of the effective reproductive rate R t were 1.12 for the NWR and 1.06 for the VIN, suggesting different transmission rates within regional cattle populations in Cameroon. For pastoral cattle, an increased risk of IFN-γ assay positivity was associated with being male (OR = 1.89; 95% CI:1.15-3.09), increasing herd size (OR = 1.02; 95% CI:1.01-1.03), exposure to the bovine leucosis virus (OR = 2.45; 95% CI: 1.19-4.84) and paratuberculosis (OR = 9.01; 95% CI: 4.17-20.08). Decreased odds were associated with contacts at grazing, buffalo (OR = 0.20; 95% CI: 0.03-0.97) and increased contact with other herds [1-5 herds: OR = 0.16 (95% CI: 0.04-0.55); 6+ herds: OR = 0.18 (95% CI: 0.05-0.64)]. Few studies have used the IFN-γ assay to describe bTB epidemiology in SSA. This study highlights the endemic situation of bTB in Cameroon and potential public health risks from dairy herds. Further work is needed to understand the IFN-γ assay performance, particularly in the presence of co-infections, and how this information can be used to develop control strategies in the SSA contexts.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2022 Kelly, Gonzaléz Gordon, Egbe, Freeman, Mazeri, Ngwa, Tanya, Sander, Ndip, Muwonge, Morgan, Handel and Bronsvoort.)
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فهرسة مساهمة: Keywords: Cameroon; Mycobacterium bovis; bovine tuberculosis; cattle; epidemiology; interferon-gamma assay
تواريخ الأحداث: Date Created: 20220808 Latest Revision: 20220809
رمز التحديث: 20221213
مُعرف محوري في PubMed: PMC9353046
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.877541
PMID: 35937301
قاعدة البيانات: MEDLINE
الوصف
تدمد:2297-1769
DOI:10.3389/fvets.2022.877541