دورية أكاديمية
Spirulina platensis Suppressed iNOS and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced BV2 Microglia.
العنوان: | Spirulina platensis Suppressed iNOS and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced BV2 Microglia. |
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المؤلفون: | Ngu EL; Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia., Tan CY; Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia., Lai NJ; Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia., Wong KH; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia., Lim SH; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia., Ming LC; PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei., Tan KO; Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia., Phang SM; Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia.; Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia., Yow YY; Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia. |
المصدر: | Metabolites [Metabolites] 2022 Nov 20; Vol. 12 (11). Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Nov 20. |
نوع المنشور: | Journal Article |
اللغة: | English |
بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101578790 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2218-1989 (Print) Linking ISSN: 22181989 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Metabolites Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE |
أسماء مطبوعة: | Original Publication: Basel : MDPI |
مستخلص: | The disease burden of neurodegenerative diseases is on the rise due to the aging population, and neuroinflammation is one of the underlying causes. Spirulina platensis is a well-known superfood with numerous reported bioactivities. However, the effect of S. platensis Universiti Malaya Algae Culture Collection 159 (UMACC 159) (a strain isolated from Israel) on proinflammatory mediators and cytokines remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to determine the anti-neuroinflammatory activity of S. platensis extracts and identify the potential bioactive compounds. S. platensis extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and aqueous) were screened for phytochemical content and antioxidant activity. Ethanol extract was studied for its effect on proinflammatory mediators and cytokines in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 microglia. The potential bioactive compounds were identified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric (LC-MS) analysis. Ethanol extract had the highest flavonoid content and antioxidant and nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activity. Ethanol extract completely inhibited the production of NO via the downregulation of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and significantly reduced the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6. Emmotin A, palmitic amide, and 1-monopalmitin, which might play an important role in cell signaling, have been identified. In conclusion, S. platensis ethanol extract inhibited neuroinflammation through the downregulation of NO, TNF-α and IL-6. This preliminary study provided insight into compound(s) isolation, which could contribute to the development of precision nutrition for disease management. |
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فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: BV2 microglia; Spirulina platensis; anti-neuroinflammation; antioxidants; neuroprotective; nitric oxide |
تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20221124 Latest Revision: 20221129 |
رمز التحديث: | 20240628 |
مُعرف محوري في PubMed: | PMC9698046 |
DOI: | 10.3390/metabo12111147 |
PMID: | 36422287 |
قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
تدمد: | 2218-1989 |
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DOI: | 10.3390/metabo12111147 |