A tribute to Leif Hertz: The historical context of his pioneering studies of the roles of astrocytes in brain energy metabolism, neurotransmission, cognitive functions, and pharmacology identifies important, unresolved topics for future studies.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان:	A tribute to Leif Hertz: The historical context of his pioneering studies of the roles of astrocytes in brain energy metabolism, neurotransmission, cognitive functions, and pharmacology identifies important, unresolved topics for future studies.
المؤلفون:	Dienel GA; Department of Neurology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, 72205, USA.; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87131, USA., Schousboe A; Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark., McKenna MC; Department of Pediatrics and Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201, USA., Rothman DL; Department of Radiology, Magnetic Resonance Research Center (MRRC), Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA.
المصدر:	Journal of neurochemistry [J Neurochem] 2024 May; Vol. 168 (5), pp. 461-495. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Apr 13.
نوع المنشور:	Biography; Journal Article; Review
اللغة:	English
بيانات الدورية:	Publisher: Wiley on behalf of the International Society for Neurochemistry Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 2985190R Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-4159 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00223042 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Neurochem Subsets: MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة:	Publication: 2001- : Oxford, UK : Wiley on behalf of the International Society for Neurochemistry Original Publication: New York : Raven Press
مواضيع طبية MeSH:	Astrocytes/metabolism , Brain/metabolism , Energy Metabolism/physiology , Synaptic Transmission/physiology, Animals ; Humans ; Cognition/physiology ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century
مستخلص:	Leif Hertz, M.D., D.Sc. (honōris causā) (1930-2018), was one of the original and noteworthy participants in the International Conference on Brain Energy Metabolism (ICBEM) series since its inception in 1993. The biennial ICBEM conferences are organized by neuroscientists interested in energetics and metabolism underlying neural functions; they have had a high impact on conceptual and experimental advances in these fields and on promoting collaborative interactions among neuroscientists. Leif made major contributions to ICBEM discussions and understanding of metabolic and signaling characteristics of astrocytes and their roles in brain function. His studies ranged from uptake of K ⁺ from extracellular fluid and its stimulation of astrocytic respiration, identification, and regulation of enzymes specifically or preferentially expressed in astrocytes in the glutamate-glutamine cycle of excitatory neurotransmission, a requirement for astrocytic glycogenolysis for fueling K ⁺ uptake, involvement of glycogen in memory consolidation in the chick, and pharmacology of astrocytes. This tribute to Leif Hertz highlights his major discoveries, the high impact of his work on astrocyte-neuron interactions, and his unparalleled influence on understanding the cellular basis of brain energy metabolism. His work over six decades has helped integrate the roles of astrocytes into neurotransmission where oxidative and glycogenolytic metabolism during neurotransmitter glutamate turnover are key aspects of astrocytic energetics. Leif recognized that brain astrocytic metabolism is greatly underestimated unless the volume fraction of astrocytes is taken into account. Adjustment for pathway rates expressed per gram tissue for volume fraction indicates that astrocytes have much higher oxidative rates than neurons and astrocytic glycogen concentrations and glycogenolytic rates during sensory stimulation in vivo are similar to those in resting and exercising muscle, respectively. These novel insights are typical of Leif's astute contributions to the energy metabolism field, and his publications have identified unresolved topics that provide the neuroscience community with challenges and opportunities for future research. (© 2023 International Society for Neurochemistry.)
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معلومات مُعتمدة:	P01HD085928 MCM; R01MH109159 DLR; R01NS087568 DLR; R01NS100106 DLR
فهرسة مساهمة:	Keywords: Glu/GABA–Gln cycle; astrocyte and neuron cell culture; astrocytic metabolism and energetics; astrocytic pharmacology; cellular maturation in vitro; glycogen
تواريخ الأحداث:	Date Created: 20230317 Date Completed: 20240518 Latest Revision: 20240613
رمز التحديث:	20240614
DOI:	10.1111/jnc.15812
PMID:	36928655
قاعدة البيانات:	MEDLINE

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تدمد:	1471-4159
DOI:	10.1111/jnc.15812