دورية أكاديمية
Identifying causal subsequent memory effects.
| العنوان: | Identifying causal subsequent memory effects. |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Halpern DJ; Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY 10003., Tubridy S; Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY 10003., Davachi L; Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027., Gureckis TM; Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY 10003. |
| المصدر: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2023 Mar 28; Vol. 120 (13), pp. e2120288120. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Mar 23. |
| نوع المنشور: | Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: National Academy of Sciences Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7505876 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1091-6490 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00278424 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Subsets: MEDLINE |
| أسماء مطبوعة: | Original Publication: Washington, DC : National Academy of Sciences |
| مواضيع طبية MeSH: | Memory* , Brain*/diagnostic imaging, Humans ; Learning ; Cognition ; Brain Mapping ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
| مستخلص: | Over 40 y of accumulated research has detailed associations between neuroimaging signals measured during a memory encoding task and later memory performance, across a variety of brain regions, measurement tools, statistical approaches, and behavioral tasks. But the interpretation of these subsequent memory effects (SMEs) remains unclear: if the identified signals reflect cognitive and neural mechanisms of memory encoding, then the underlying neural activity must be causally related to future memory. However, almost all previous SME analyses do not control for potential confounders of this causal interpretation, such as serial position and item effects. We collect a large fMRI dataset and use an experimental design and analysis approach that allows us to statistically adjust for nearly all known exogenous confounding variables. We find that, using standard approaches without adjustment, we replicate several univariate and multivariate subsequent memory effects and are able to predict memory performance across people. However, we are unable to identify any signal that reliably predicts subsequent memory after adjusting for confounding variables, bringing into doubt the causal status of these effects. We apply the same approach to subjects' judgments of learning collected following an encoding period and show that these behavioral measures of mnemonic status do predict memory after adjustments, suggesting that it is possible to measure signals near the time of encoding that reflect causal mechanisms but that existing neuroimaging measures, at least in our data, may not have the precision and specificity to do so. |
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| معلومات مُعتمدة: | DRL-1631436 National Science Foundation (NSF) |
| فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: causal inference; encoding; long-term memory; memorability; neuroimaging |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20230323 Date Completed: 20230327 Latest Revision: 20230924 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20230924 |
| مُعرف محوري في PubMed: | PMC10068819 |
| DOI: | 10.1073/pnas.2120288120 |
| PMID: | 36952384 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
| تدمد: | 1091-6490 |
|---|---|
| DOI: | 10.1073/pnas.2120288120 |