Role of grinding method on granular activated carbon characteristics.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان:	Role of grinding method on granular activated carbon characteristics.
المؤلفون:	Abulikemu G; Pegasus Technical Services, Inc., Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA.; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA., Wahman DG; Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA., Sorial GA; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA., Nadagouda M; Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA., Stebel EK; Pegasus Technical Services, Inc., Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA.; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA., Womack EA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA.; Procter and Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH 45202, USA., Smith SJ; Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA., Kleiner EJ; Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA., Gray BN; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA.; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA., Taylor RD; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA.; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA., Gastaldo CX; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA.; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA., Pressman JG; Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA.
المصدر:	Carbon trends [Carbon Trends] 2023 Jun; Vol. 11, pp. 1-12.
نوع المنشور:	Journal Article
اللغة:	English
بيانات الدورية:	Publisher: Elsevier Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9918592385606676 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2667-0569 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 26670569 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Carbon Trends Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة:	Original Publication: [Oxford] : Elsevier Ltd., 2020-
مستخلص:	A coconut shell (AC1230CX) and a bituminous coal based (F400) granular activated carbon (GAC) were ground with mortar and pestle (MP), a blender, and a bench-scale ball milling unit (BMU). Blender was the most time-efficient for particle size reduction. Four size fractions ranging from 20 × 40 to 200 × 325 were characterized along with the bulk GACs. Compared to bulk GACs, F400 blender and BMU 20 × 40 fractions decreased in specific surface area (SSA, -23% and -31%, respectively) while smaller variations (-14% to 5%) occurred randomly for AC1230CX ground fractions. For F400, the blender and BMU size fraction dependencies were attributed to the combination of (i) radial trends in the F400 particle properties and (ii) importance of shear (outer layer removal) versus shock (particle fracturing) size reduction mechanisms. Compared to bulk GACs, surface oxygen content (At%-O1s) increased up to 34% for the F400 blender and BMU 20 × 40 fractions, whereas all AC1230CX ground fractions, except for the blender 100 × 200 and BMU 60 × 100 and 100 × 200 fractions, showed 25-29% consistent increases. The At%-O1s gain was attributed to (i) radial trends in F400 properties and (ii) oxidization during grinding, both of which supported the shear mechanism of mechanical grinding. Relatively small to insignificant changes in point of zero charge (pH PZC ) and crystalline structure showed similar trends with the changes in SSA and At%-O1s. The study findings provide guidance for informed selection of grinding methods based on GAC type and target particle sizes to improve the representativeness of adsorption studies conducted with ground GAC, such as rapid small-scale column tests. When GACs have radial trends in their properties and when the target size fraction only includes larger particle sizes, manual grinding is recommended. Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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معلومات مُعتمدة:	EPA999999 United States ImEPA Intramural EPA
فهرسة مساهمة:	Keywords: Adsorption; Granular activated carbon; Grinding; Shear; Shock; Surface properties
تواريخ الأحداث:	Date Created: 20230526 Latest Revision: 20240603
رمز التحديث:	20240603
مُعرف محوري في PubMed:	PMC10208277
DOI:	10.1016/j.cartre.2023.100261
PMID:	37234684
قاعدة البيانات:	MEDLINE

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تدمد:	2667-0569
DOI:	10.1016/j.cartre.2023.100261