دورية أكاديمية
Associations Between Kratom-Related State Policy Environments and Kratom Use in a Nationally Representative Population in the United States.
| العنوان: | Associations Between Kratom-Related State Policy Environments and Kratom Use in a Nationally Representative Population in the United States. |
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| المؤلفون: | Ellis MS; School of Medicine. Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA., Buttram ME; Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation. 155 Stadium Drive, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA., Forber A; Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Safety, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO, USA., Black JC; Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Safety, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO, USA. |
| المصدر: | Journal of psychoactive drugs [J Psychoactive Drugs] 2024 Jul-Aug; Vol. 56 (3), pp. 333-341. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jun 12. |
| نوع المنشور: | Journal Article |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: Taylor & Francis Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8113536 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2159-9777 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02791072 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Psychoactive Drugs Subsets: MEDLINE |
| أسماء مطبوعة: | Publication: <1997- > : Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis Original Publication: San Francisco, Calif. : Published by Haight-Ashbury Publications in association with the Haight-Ashbury Free Medical Clinic, c1981- |
| مواضيع طبية MeSH: | Mitragyna*, Humans ; United States/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Adult ; Male ; Female ; Prevalence ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology ; Adolescent ; Drug and Narcotic Control/legislation & jurisprudence ; Surveys and Questionnaires |
| مستخلص: | Limited research has resulted in conflicting views on the risks versus benefits associated with kratom use. Despite no federal policy in the United States, individual states have implemented diverging policies through kratom bans, and legalization and regulation through Kratom Consumer Protection Acts (KCPAs). The Survey of Non-Medical Use of Prescription Drugs (NMURx) Program employs nationally-representative, repeated cross-sectional surveys on drug use. In 2021, weighted prevalence of past-12 month kratom use was compared across three state legal frameworks: no overarching state policy, KCPAs, and state bans. There was lower estimated prevalence of kratom use in banned states (prevalence: 0.75% (0.44, 1.06) relative to states with a KCPA (1.20% (0.89, 1.51)), and relative to states with no policies (1.04% (0.94, 1.13), though odds of use were not significantly associated with policy type. Kratom use was significantly associated with medicated treatment for opioid use disorder. While there were observed differences in the prevalence of past-12 month kratom use by state policy type, low uptake mitigated meaningful distinctions by limiting statistical precision, and potentially confounding effects, such as accessibility online. Future kratom-related policy decisions should be informed through evidence-based research. |
| فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: Kratom; United States; opioid use disorder; state drug policy |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20230612 Date Completed: 20240701 Latest Revision: 20240701 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20240702 |
| DOI: | 10.1080/02791072.2023.2223622 |
| PMID: | 37306164 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
PDF full text from Publisher | تدمد: | 2159-9777 |
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| DOI: | 10.1080/02791072.2023.2223622 |