A marine protected area network does not confer community structure resilience to a marine heatwave across coastal ecosystems.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان:	A marine protected area network does not confer community structure resilience to a marine heatwave across coastal ecosystems.
المؤلفون:	Smith JG; National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA.; Conservation and Science Division, Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey, California, USA., Free CM; Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA.; Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA., Lopazanski C; National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA.; Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA., Brun J; National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA., Anderson CR; Scripps Institution of Oceanography/Southern California Coastal Ocean Observing System, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA., Carr MH; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA., Claudet J; National Center for Scientific Research, PSL Université Paris, CRIOBE, CNRS-EPHE-UPVD, Paris, France., Dugan JE; Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA., Eurich JG; National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA.; Environmental Defense Fund, Santa Barbara, California, USA., Francis TB; Puget Sound Institute, University of Washington, Tacoma, Washington, USA., Hamilton SL; Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, San Jose State University, Moss Landing, California, USA., Mouillot D; MARBEC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Montpellier, France.; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France., Raimondi PT; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA., Starr RM; Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, San Jose State University, Moss Landing, California, USA., Ziegler SL; Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA., Nickols KJ; Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, California, USA., Caselle JE; Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA.
المصدر:	Global change biology [Glob Chang Biol] 2023 Oct; Vol. 29 (19), pp. 5634-5651. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jul 13.
نوع المنشور:	Journal Article
اللغة:	English
بيانات الدورية:	Publisher: Blackwell Pub Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9888746 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1365-2486 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13541013 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Glob Chang Biol Subsets: MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة:	Publication: : Oxford : Blackwell Pub. Original Publication: Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, 1995-
مواضيع طبية MeSH:	Ecosystem* , Kelp*, Animals ; Conservation of Natural Resources/methods ; Biomass ; Invertebrates ; Forests ; Fishes
مستخلص:	Marine protected areas (MPAs) have gained attention as a conservation tool for enhancing ecosystem resilience to climate change. However, empirical evidence explicitly linking MPAs to enhanced ecological resilience is limited and mixed. To better understand whether MPAs can buffer climate impacts, we tested the resistance and recovery of marine communities to the 2014-2016 Northeast Pacific heatwave in the largest scientifically designed MPA network in the world off the coast of California, United States. The network consists of 124 MPAs (48 no-take state marine reserves, and 76 partial-take or special regulation conservation areas) implemented at different times, with full implementation completed in 2012. We compared fish, benthic invertebrate, and macroalgal community structure inside and outside of 13 no-take MPAs across rocky intertidal, kelp forest, shallow reef, and deep reef nearshore habitats in California's Central Coast region from 2007 to 2020. We also explored whether MPA features, including age, size, depth, proportion rock, historic fishing pressure, habitat diversity and richness, connectivity, and fish biomass response ratios (proxy for ecological performance), conferred climate resilience for kelp forest and rocky intertidal habitats spanning 28 MPAs across the full network. Ecological communities dramatically shifted due to the marine heatwave across all four nearshore habitats, and MPAs did not facilitate habitat-wide resistance or recovery. Only in protected rocky intertidal habitats did community structure significantly resist marine heatwave impacts. Community shifts were associated with a pronounced decline in the relative proportion of cold water species and an increase in warm water species. MPA features did not explain resistance or recovery to the marine heatwave. Collectively, our findings suggest that MPAs have limited ability to mitigate the impacts of marine heatwaves on community structure. Given that mechanisms of resilience to climate perturbations are complex, there is a clear need to expand assessments of ecosystem-wide consequences resulting from acute climate-driven perturbations, and the potential role of regulatory protection in mitigating community structure changes. (© 2023 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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معلومات مُعتمدة:	C0302700 California Ocean Protection Council; C0752003 California Ocean Protection Council; C0752005 California Ocean Protection Council; R/MPA-43 California Sea Grant; R/MPA-44 California Sea Grant; R/MPA-45 California Sea Grant; R/MPA-46 California Sea Grant; R/MPA-48 California Sea Grant; David and Lucile Packard Foundation; OCE-1831937 National Science Foundation; Arnhold UC Santa Barbara-Conservation International Climate Solutions Collaborative; BiodivERsA; Fondation de France
فهرسة مساهمة:	Keywords: California; climate change; community composition; community structure; marine heatwaves; marine protected area networks; resilience
تواريخ الأحداث:	Date Created: 20230713 Date Completed: 20230907 Latest Revision: 20240109
رمز التحديث:	20240109
DOI:	10.1111/gcb.16862
PMID:	37439293
قاعدة البيانات:	MEDLINE

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تدمد:	1365-2486
DOI:	10.1111/gcb.16862