دورية أكاديمية
أعرض في EDS

Babesiosis: Current status and future perspectives in Pakistan and chemotherapy used in livestock and pet animals.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان: Babesiosis: Current status and future perspectives in Pakistan and chemotherapy used in livestock and pet animals.
المؤلفون: Azhar M; Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan., Gadahi JA; Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan., Bhutto B; Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan., Tunio S; Department of Animal Product Technology, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan., Vistro WA; Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan., Tunio H; Department of Poultry Husbandry, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan., Bhutto S; Department of Veterinary Pathology, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan., Ram T; Department of Animal Nutrition, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan.
المصدر: Heliyon [Heliyon] 2023 Jun 18; Vol. 9 (6), pp. e17172. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jun 18 (Print Publication: 2023).
نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Review
اللغة: English
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101672560 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2405-8440 (Print) Linking ISSN: 24058440 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Heliyon Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة: Original Publication: London : Elsevier Ltd, [2015]-
مستخلص: Babesiosis is a protozoal disease affect livestock and pet animals such as cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, horses, donkeys, mules, dogs, and cats. It causes severe economic losses in livestock as well as in pet animals. A large number of dairy animals are imported in order to fulfill the demands of milk, milk, meat and its products. In addition, different pet animals are transported from Pakistan to various parts of the world, therefore, it is important to identify the current status and distribution of babesiosis throughout Pakistan in order to control the disease and draw attention for future research, diagnosis, treatment and control of this diseases. No work has been done on a complete review on up-to-date on blood protozoal disease burden in Pakistan. This article will provide about the complete background of babesiosis in ruminants, equines and pet animals, its current status, distribution, vectors in Pakistan and allopathic and ethnoveterinary treatments used against babesiosis. Babesiosis may be subclinical (apparently normal) and may be clinical with acute to chronic disease and sometimes fatal. Babesia is found and develops inside the erythrocytes (red blood cells). Clinically, it causes fever, fatigue, lethargy, pallor mucus membranes, malaise, cachexia, respiratory distress, jaundice, icterus, hemolytic anemia, hemoglobinuria, lymphadenopathy, chollangocytitis, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly. Chemotherapy for babesiosis includes Imidocarb dipropionate, Diaminazine aceturate Atovaquone and Bupravaquone, Azithromycin, Quinuronium sulfate and Amicarbalidesio-thionate are most widely used. Supportive therapy includes multivitamins, fluid therapy, antipyretics intravenous fluids, and blood transfusions are used if necessary. In addition, there are certain ethnoveterinary (homeopathic) ingredients which having anti-babesial activity. As the resistance against these drugs is developing every day. New more specific long-lasting drugs should be developed for the treatment of Babesiosis. Further studies should be done on disease genome of different species of Babesia for vaccine development like malarial parasites.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(© 2023 Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
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فهرسة مساهمة: Keywords: Babesiosis; Chemotherapy; Pakistan; Veterinary medicine
تواريخ الأحداث: Date Created: 20230713 Latest Revision: 20230718
رمز التحديث: 20230718
مُعرف محوري في PubMed: PMC10333442
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17172
PMID: 37441378
قاعدة البيانات: MEDLINE
الوصف
تدمد:2405-8440
DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17172