Investigating mobility and pastoralism in Kerma-period communities upstream of the fourth cataract, Sudan.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان:	Investigating mobility and pastoralism in Kerma-period communities upstream of the fourth cataract, Sudan.
المؤلفون:	Gregoricka LA; Department of Sociology, Anthropology, & Social Work, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA., Baker BJ; Center for Bioarchaeological Research, School of Human Evolution & Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.
المصدر:	American journal of biological anthropology [Am J Biol Anthropol] 2023 Oct; Vol. 182 (2), pp. 279-299. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 04.
نوع المنشور:	Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
اللغة:	English
بيانات الدورية:	Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101770171 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2692-7691 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 26927691 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Am J Biol Anthropol Subsets: MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة:	Original Publication: [Hoboken, NJ] : John Wiley & Sons Inc., [2022]-
مواضيع طبية MeSH:	Tooth/chemistry , Cataract, Adult ; Humans ; Child ; Anthropology, Physical ; Sudan ; Strontium Isotopes/analysis
مستخلص:	Objectives: The Kingdom of Kush in today's northern Sudan and southern Egypt (ancient Nubia) is often depicted as a secondary state relative to ancient Egypt. More recent investigations have set aside Egyptocentric and western, colonialist perspectives of state development focused on control of land and agricultural surplus, examining Kushites through the lens of African-based models of mobile pastoralism in which power and authority were achieved through control of herds and alliance-building. Here, analyses of radiogenic strontium isotopes in human dental enamel are used to investigate diachronic shifts in mobility patterns linked to pastoralism and state development during the Kerma period (ca. 2500-1100 BCE). Materials and Methods: From five cemetery sites around al Qinifab, Sudan, upstream of the capital at Kerma, we analyzed the strontium isotope ratios of 50 teeth from 27 individuals dating from the Early through Late Kerma phases. Results: Individuals from the Early and Middle Kerma phases demonstrated considerable ⁸⁷ Sr/ ⁸⁶ Sr ratio variability (mean = 0.70835 ± 0.00109), with 50% falling outside the locally bioavailable strontium range. Conversely, most Classic (0.70756 ± 0.00043) and Late Kerma (0.70755 ± 0.00036) individuals exhibited ratios consistent with the local region. Discussion: These changes indicate a potential transformation in subsistence strategies and social organization as early communities engaged in a more mobile lifestyle than later groups, suggesting a greater degree of pastoralism followed by declining mobility with Kushite state coalescence and a shift to agropastoralism. Because ⁸⁷ Sr/ ⁸⁶ Sr ratios from enamel reflect childhood geographic residence, these findings indicate that mobility likely involved extended family groups, and not just transhumant adults. (© 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
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فهرسة مساهمة:	Keywords: Nubia; bioarcheology; biogeochemistry; pastoral state development; strontium isotopes
المشرفين على المادة:	0 (Strontium Isotopes)
تواريخ الأحداث:	Date Created: 20230804 Date Completed: 20230918 Latest Revision: 20231012
رمز التحديث:	20231013
DOI:	10.1002/ajpa.24827
PMID:	37539620
قاعدة البيانات:	MEDLINE

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الوصف
تدمد:	2692-7691
DOI:	10.1002/ajpa.24827