دورية أكاديمية
Extrusion and characterization of recycled polyethylene terephthalate (rPET) filaments compounded with chain extender and impact modifiers for material-extrusion additive manufacturing.
| العنوان: | Extrusion and characterization of recycled polyethylene terephthalate (rPET) filaments compounded with chain extender and impact modifiers for material-extrusion additive manufacturing. |
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| المؤلفون: | Rashwan O; Pennsylvania State University - Harrisburg, 777 W Harrisburg Pike, Middletown, PA, 17057, USA. ola.rashwan@psu.edu., Koroneos Z; Pennsylvania State University - Harrisburg, 777 W Harrisburg Pike, Middletown, PA, 17057, USA., Townsend TG; Pennsylvania State University - Harrisburg, 777 W Harrisburg Pike, Middletown, PA, 17057, USA., Caputo MP; Pennsylvania State University -Shenango, 147 Shenango Avenue, Sharon, PA, 16146, USA., Bylone RJ Jr; Recycling Markets Center, Pennsylvania State University - Harrisburg, 777 W Harrisburg Pike, Middletown, PA, 17057, USA., Wodrig B; Plastics Innovation and Resource Center, Pennsylvania College of Technology, One College Avenue, Williamsport, PA, 17701, USA., Cantor K; Plastics Innovation and Resource Center, Pennsylvania College of Technology, One College Avenue, Williamsport, PA, 17701, USA. |
| المصدر: | Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2023 Sep 25; Vol. 13 (1), pp. 16041. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 25. |
| نوع المنشور: | Journal Article |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE; MEDLINE |
| أسماء مطبوعة: | Original Publication: London : Nature Publishing Group, copyright 2011- |
| مستخلص: | The continuous growth of annual production and consumption of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is coined with increasing waste that leaks into the environment, landfills and oceans as microplastics and nano plastics fragments. Upcycling the recycled PET to make a feedstock for the fast-growing material-extrusion additive manufacturing (MEX-AM) technology can contribute to the solution and supports the concept of sustainable materials. In this work, extrudable filaments comprising recycled polyethylene terephthalate (rPET) with low-cost additives, such as pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) as a chain extender, styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene terpolymer functionalized with maleic anhydride (SEBS-g-MA), a thermal modifier and toughening agent, ethylene-ethyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer (E-EA-GMA), a functional reactive elastomeric impact modifier and ethylene-ethyl-acrylate (EEA), a non-reactive elastomeric impact modifier, have been fabricated using the twin-screw extruder. The optimum extrusion process parameters for producing uniform filaments of different rPET compounded formulations have been identified, this includes the extrusion die temperature of 280 °C and the screw speed of 150 ± 3 rpm. The compounded filaments are then printed into standard ASTM test specimens for thermal characterization and mechanical characterization, including glass transition and melting temperatures, crystallinity and crystallization temperature, tensile strength, tensile modulus, ductility, flexural strength, and Izod impact energy. Furthermore, the melt flow index for the filaments was measured. More significantly, the experimental data showed that compounding rPET with such additives in the reactive twin-screw extrusion process results in uniform filaments that display advantageous thermal and mechanical properties and can be used as a feedstock in the MEX-AM technology. This study suggests that compounding the recycled PET pellets with low-cost additives while extruding them into filaments for MEX-AM offers excellent potential to make high-value-added customized products from a sustainable polymer feedstock, such as prototyping, tooling, testing components or end-use internal components for small machines and cars. (© 2023. Springer Nature Limited.) |
| References: | Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2020 Sep 1;59(36):15402-15423. (PMID: 32160372) ACS Omega. 2020 Jul 24;5(30):19247-19254. (PMID: 32775928) Polymers (Basel). 2021 May 01;13(9):. (PMID: 34062861) Environ Res. 2023 Nov 1;236(Pt 1):116788. (PMID: 37517501) |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20230925 Latest Revision: 20231123 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20240628 |
| مُعرف محوري في PubMed: | PMC10519981 |
| DOI: | 10.1038/s41598-023-41744-8 |
| PMID: | 37749175 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
Find this article in full text from Springer Verlag. 
Full Text Finder | تدمد: | 2045-2322 |
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| DOI: | 10.1038/s41598-023-41744-8 |