دورية أكاديمية
Access and use of WHO essential medicines in Italy.
| العنوان: | Access and use of WHO essential medicines in Italy. |
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| المؤلفون: | Petrella A; Italian Medicines Agency, Rome, Italy., Fortinguerra F; Italian Medicines Agency, Rome, Italy., Cangini A; Italian Medicines Agency, Rome, Italy., Pierantozzi A; Italian Medicines Agency, Rome, Italy., Trotta F; Italian Medicines Agency, Rome, Italy. |
| المصدر: | Frontiers in public health [Front Public Health] 2023 Oct 10; Vol. 11, pp. 1211208. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Oct 10 (Print Publication: 2023). |
| نوع المنشور: | Journal Article |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: Frontiers Editorial Office Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101616579 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2296-2565 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 22962565 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Front Public Health Subsets: MEDLINE |
| أسماء مطبوعة: | Original Publication: Lausanne : Frontiers Editorial Office |
| مواضيع طبية MeSH: | Antineoplastic Agents* , Drugs, Essential*/therapeutic use, World Health Organization ; Health Expenditures ; Europe ; Italy |
| مستخلص: | Background: Many countries use the WHO Essential Medicines List (EML) as a guide for health policy choices to promote the efficient use of healthcare resources or adopt the concept of essential medicines (EMs) to develop their own national list of essential medicines. The aim of this study is to analyse the availability and use of medicines included in the 22nd WHO EML in Italy. Methods: Using the ATC code (5th level), a comparison was made between the medicines included in the WHO EML and those retrieved from the Italian Medicines Agency (AIFA) database. The availability (regulatory and reimbursement status) of EMs, as well as the market share in expenditure (million euros) and consumption [measured in WHO-defined daily doses (DDDs)], compared to all reimbursed medicines in 2021, were analysed. Results: In 2021, approximately 85.2% ( n = 414) of medicines included in the WHO EML were commonly marketed in Italy. Of these, 396 EMs were fully reimbursed by the Italian National Healthcare Service (INHS), corresponding to 81.5% (396/486) of the WHO EML, while the remaining 18.5% (90/486) were neither authorised ( n = 72) nor reimbursed ( n = 18). The study found a low coverage for anti-parasitic, insecticides, and repellent products (ATC P) in addition to medicines for the genitourinary system and sex hormones (ATC G). Even though medicines on the WHO EML, including therapeutic alternatives, accounted for ~48.5% of the expenditure for medicines reimbursed by INHS, the list covered 74% of all national drug consumed. Novel high-cost therapies indicated in high-prevalence diseases and rare conditions, mostly antineoplastic and immune-modulating agents (ATC L) not included in the WHO EML, were also guaranteed. Conclusions: In Italy, high coverage of EMs was found. It was largely reimbursed by the INHS, even when compared to other European countries. Essential medicines represented a high percentage of the overall expenditure and consumption in Italy. The WHO EML could be an important tool to guide the health policy choices of high-income countries, although a more frequent update and easier access to information on rejected medicines are needed. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2023 Petrella, Fortinguerra, Cangini, Pierantozzi and Trotta.) |
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| فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: drug consumption; essential medicines; expenditure; health policy; national formulary |
| المشرفين على المادة: | 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) 0 (Drugs, Essential) |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20231026 Date Completed: 20231027 Latest Revision: 20231027 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20240513 |
| مُعرف محوري في PubMed: | PMC10595003 |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1211208 |
| PMID: | 37881343 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
Full Text Finder | تدمد: | 2296-2565 |
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| DOI: | 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1211208 |