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Digestibility of dinosaur food plants revisited and expanded: Previous data, new taxa, microbe donors, foliage maturity, and seasonality.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان: Digestibility of dinosaur food plants revisited and expanded: Previous data, new taxa, microbe donors, foliage maturity, and seasonality.
المؤلفون: Howell MM; Division of Paleontology, Institute of Geosciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany., Gee CT; Division of Paleontology, Institute of Geosciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany., Böttger C; Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany., Südekum KH; Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
المصدر: PloS one [PLoS One] 2023 Dec 15; Vol. 18 (12), pp. e0291058. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 15 (Print Publication: 2023).
نوع المنشور: Journal Article
اللغة: English
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة: Original Publication: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science
مواضيع طبية MeSH: Dinosaurs* , Tracheophyta* , Ferns* , Magnoliopsida*, Animals ; Plants, Edible ; Fossils
مستخلص: Although the living relatives of the Mesozoic flora were once assumed to constitute a nutritionally poor diet for dinosaur herbivores, in vitro fermentation of their foliage has shown that gymnosperms, ferns, and fern relatives can be as highly digestible as angiosperm grasses and dicots. Because nutritional information cannot be preserved in the fossil record, this laboratory approach, first published in 2008, provides a novel alternative to evaluate the digestive quality of the plants that were available to dinosaur megaherbivores such as sauropods. However, very few further studies have since been conducted to supplement and confirm the high fermentative capacity of nonangiospermous taxa. Here we show that the living relatives of the Araucariaceae and Equistaceae are consistently highly digestible, even between taxa and when influenced by environmental and biological factors, while fern taxa are inconsistent on the family level. These results reinforce previous findings about the high energetic potential of Jurassic-age plant families. Fourteen species of fern and gymnosperm foliage from five Jurassic families were collected in the spring and fall, then analyzed for their digestibility using the in vitro Hohenheim gas test. Equisetum, Araucaria, and Angiopteris were the most digestible genera in both seasons, while Agathis, Wollemia, and Marattia were the least digestible. The season in which specimens were collected was found to have to a significant effect on gas production in four out of 16 samples (P < 0.05). Furthermore, leaf maturity influences digestibility in Marattia attenuata (P < 0.05), yet not in Cyathea cooperi (P = 0.24). Finally, the species of the rumen fluid donor did not influence digestibility (P = 0.74). With the original data set supplemented by one new genus and four species, this study confirms and expands previous results about the nutritional capacity of the living relatives of the Jurassic flora.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2023 Howell et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
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تواريخ الأحداث: Date Created: 20231215 Date Completed: 20231218 Latest Revision: 20231218
رمز التحديث: 20231218
مُعرف محوري في PubMed: PMC10723699
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291058
PMID: 38100456
قاعدة البيانات: MEDLINE
الوصف
تدمد:1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0291058