دورية أكاديمية
The risk of wild birds contaminating source water with zoonotic Cryptosporidium and Giardia is probably overestimated.
| العنوان: | The risk of wild birds contaminating source water with zoonotic Cryptosporidium and Giardia is probably overestimated. |
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| المؤلفون: | Egan S; Harry Butler Institute, Vector- and Water-Borne Pathogen Research Group, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia. Electronic address: Siobhon.Egan@murdoch.edu.au., Barbosa AD; Harry Butler Institute, Vector- and Water-Borne Pathogen Research Group, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia; CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasilia, DF 70040-020, Brazil., Feng Y; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China., Xiao L; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China., Ryan U; Harry Butler Institute, Vector- and Water-Borne Pathogen Research Group, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia. |
| المصدر: | The Science of the total environment [Sci Total Environ] 2024 Feb 20; Vol. 912, pp. 169032. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 18. |
| نوع المنشور: | Journal Article; Review |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 0330500 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-1026 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00489697 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Total Environ Subsets: MEDLINE |
| أسماء مطبوعة: | Original Publication: Amsterdam, Elsevier. |
| مواضيع طبية MeSH: | Cryptosporidium* , Cryptosporidiosis*/epidemiology , Giardiasis*/epidemiology , Giardiasis*/veterinary , Giardiasis*/parasitology , Drinking Water* , Giardia lamblia*, Animals ; Giardia ; Zoonoses/epidemiology ; Feces ; Birds |
| مستخلص: | Cryptosporidium and Giardia are important waterborne protozoan parasites that are resistant to disinfectants commonly used for drinking water. Wild birds, especially wild migratory birds, are often implicated in the contamination of source and wastewater with zoonotic diseases, due to their abundance near water and in urban areas and their ability to spread enteric pathogens over long distances. This review summarises the diversity of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in birds, with a focus on zoonotic species, particularly in wild and migratory birds, which is critical for understanding zoonotic risks. The analysis revealed that both avian-adapted and zoonotic Cryptosporidium species have been identified in birds but that avian-adapted Cryptosporidium species dominate in wild migratory birds. Few studies have examined Giardia species and assemblages in birds, but the non-zoonotic Giardia psittaci and Giardia ardeae are the most commonly reported species. The identification of zoonotic Cryptosporidium and Giardia in birds, particularly C. parvum and G. duodenalis assemblages A and B in wild migratory birds, is likely due to mechanical carriage or spillback from birds co-grazing pastures contaminated with C. parvum from livestock. Therefore, the role of wild migratory birds in the transmission of zoonotic Cryptosporidium and Giardia to source water is likely overestimated. To address knowledge gaps, it is important to conduct more extensive studies on the prevalence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in a broader range of migratory wild birds. There is also a need to investigate the extent to which zoonotic infections with C. hominis/C. parvum and G. duodenalis assemblages A and B are mechanical and/or transient, and to assess the load and viability of zoonotic oo/cysts shed in avian faeces. Understanding the contribution of birds to zoonoses is essential for effective disease surveillance, prevention, and control. Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Una Ryan reports financial support was provided by Water Research Australia. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.) |
| فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: Birds; Cryptosporidium; Giardia; Public health; Zoonoses |
| المشرفين على المادة: | 0 (Drinking Water) |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20231220 Date Completed: 20240118 Latest Revision: 20240118 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20240118 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169032 |
| PMID: | 38123098 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
Full Text Finder | تدمد: | 1879-1026 |
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| DOI: | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169032 |