دورية أكاديمية
Robust memory humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in the tonsils of adults and children.
| العنوان: | Robust memory humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in the tonsils of adults and children. |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Altorki TA; Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Abdulal RH; Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Suliman BA; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia., Aljeraisi TM; Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia., Alsharef A; Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Abdulaal WH; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Alfaleh MA; Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Algaissi AA; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia., Alhabbab RY; Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Ozbak H; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia., Eid HM; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia., Almutawif YA; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia., Li X; Centre for Oncology and Regulatory Research, Biologic and Radiopharmaceutical Drugs Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada and World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, Ottawa, ON, Canada.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada., Al-Rabia MW; Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Zhang Q; Academic and Research Departments, Section of Immunology, School of Biosciences and Medicine University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom., Mahmoud AB; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.; Health and Life Research Center, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia., Mahallawi WH; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia., Hashem AM; Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. |
| المصدر: | Frontiers in immunology [Front Immunol] 2023 Dec 11; Vol. 14, pp. 1291534. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 11 (Print Publication: 2023). |
| نوع المنشور: | Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation] Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101560960 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1664-3224 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 16643224 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Front Immunol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| أسماء مطبوعة: | Original Publication: [Lausanne : Frontiers Research Foundation] |
| مواضيع طبية MeSH: | COVID-19* , Vaccines*, Adult ; Child ; Humans ; Immunity, Humoral ; Palatine Tonsil ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Immunoglobulin G ; Antibodies, Neutralizing |
| مستخلص: | Background: Adaptive humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 has mainly been evaluated in peripheral blood. Human secondary lymphoid tissues (such as tonsils) contain large numbers of plasma cells that secrete immunoglobulins at mucosal sites. Yet, the role of mucosal memory immunity induced by vaccines or natural infection against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants is not fully understood. Methods: Tonsillar mononuclear cells (TMNCs) from adults (n=10) and children (n=11) were isolated and stimulated using positive SARS-CoV-2 nasal swabs. We used endpoint enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the measurement of anti-S1, -RBD, and -N IgG antibody levels and a pseudovirus microneutralization assay to assess neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) in paired serum and supernatants from stimulated TMNCs. Results: Strong systemic humoral response in previously SARS-CoV-2 infected and vaccinated adults and children was observed in accordance with the reported history of the participants. Interestingly, we found a significant increase in anti-RBD IgG (305 and 834 folds) and anti-S1 IgG (475 and 443 folds) in the stimulated TMNCs from adults and children, respectively, compared to unstimulated cells. Consistently, the stimulated TMNCs secreted higher levels of nAbs against the ancestral Wuhan strain and the Omicron BA.1 variant compared to unstimulated cells by several folds. This increase was seen in all participants including children with no known history of infection, suggesting that these participants might have been previously exposed to SARS-CoV-2 and that not all asymptomatic cases necessarily could be detected by serum antibodies. Furthermore, nAb levels against both strains were significantly correlated in adults (r=0.8788; p = 0.0008) and children (r = 0.7521; p = 0.0076), and they strongly correlated with S1 and RBD-specific IgG antibodies. Conclusion: Our results provide evidence for persistent mucosal humoral memory in tonsils from previously infected and/or vaccinated adults and children against recent and old variants upon re-exposure. They also highlight the importance of targeting mucosal sites with vaccines to help control infection at the primary sites and prevent potential breakthrough infections. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2023 Altorki, Abdulal, Suliman, Aljeraisi, Alsharef, Abdulaal, Alfaleh, Algaissi, Alhabbab, Ozbak, Eid, Almutawif, Li, Al-Rabia, Zhang, Mahmoud, Mahallawi and Hashem.) |
| References: | N Engl J Med. 2020 Mar 26;382(13):1199-1207. (PMID: 31995857) Front Microbiol. 2020 Sep 04;11:2020. (PMID: 33013745) Viral Immunol. 2022 Mar;35(2):122-128. (PMID: 34747643) Infect Drug Resist. 2022 Jul 29;15:4127-4136. (PMID: 35937784) Nat Med. 2021 Jul;27(7):1205-1211. (PMID: 34002089) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2022 Nov 04;71(44):1401-1406. (PMID: 36327162) Sci Immunol. 2021 Nov 19;6(65):eabl9105. (PMID: 34618554) Microbiol Spectr. 2023 Sep 7;:e0125623. (PMID: 37676005) Semin Immunopathol. 2023 Jul 12;:. (PMID: 37436465) Nature. 2020 Mar;579(7798):270-273. (PMID: 32015507) EBioMedicine. 2022 Nov;85:104298. (PMID: 36229342) EBioMedicine. 2023 Feb;88:104435. (PMID: 36628844) J Exp Med. 2015 Sep 21;212(10):1709-23. (PMID: 26324444) Sci Immunol. 2022 Oct 28;7(76):eadd4853. (PMID: 35857583) Infect Dis (Lond). 2023 Mar;55(3):216-220. (PMID: 36625442) Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Sep 15;10(9):. (PMID: 36146610) Nature. 2022 Feb;602(7898):671-675. (PMID: 35016199) Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Oct 01;10(10):. (PMID: 36298514) Nat Immunol. 2015 Mar;16(3):296-305. (PMID: 25642821) Am J Hematol. 2021 Jul 1;96(7):E257-E259. (PMID: 33837984) J Med Virol. 2022 Mar;94(3):847-857. (PMID: 34609003) Nat Rev Immunol. 2006 Feb;6(2):148-58. (PMID: 16491139) Sci Immunol. 2022 Sep 16;7(75):eabq2427. (PMID: 35653438) EBioMedicine. 2022 Feb;76:103841. (PMID: 35085851) Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Nov 18;23(22):. (PMID: 36430815) Viruses. 2021 Jul 20;13(7):. (PMID: 34372618) Laryngoscope. 2023 Aug;133(8):1993-1999. (PMID: 36102311) Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 Aug;28(8):4516-4521. (PMID: 33942008) Sci Rep. 2020 Oct 6;10(1):16561. (PMID: 33024213) N Engl J Med. 2022 Oct 6;387(14):1279-1291. (PMID: 36112399) Am J Pathol. 2007 Sep;171(3):917-27. (PMID: 17690187) Infect Dis Ther. 2023 Feb;12(2):367-387. (PMID: 36622633) Rev Med Virol. 2022 Sep;32(5):e2381. (PMID: 35856385) Clin Infect Dis. 2023 Apr 17;76(8):1391-1399. (PMID: 36482505) Nat Commun. 2021 Aug 17;12(1):4984. (PMID: 34404803) J Immunol. 2022 May 15;208(10):2267-2271. (PMID: 35487578) Immunol Cell Biol. 2014 Nov;92(10):882-7. (PMID: 25047642) Front Immunol. 2019 Jul 31;10:1787. (PMID: 31417562) Nat Rev Immunol. 2022 Apr;22(4):236-250. (PMID: 34312520) Lancet Infect Dis. 2023 Oct;23(10):1143-1152. (PMID: 37352880) Front Immunol. 2022 Dec 08;13:1063679. (PMID: 36569867) Viruses. 2020 Dec 04;12(12):. (PMID: 33291713) Nat Immunol. 2023 Jan;24(1):186-199. (PMID: 36536106) |
| معلومات مُعتمدة: | NC/X002349/1 United Kingdom NC3RS_ National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research |
| فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; humoral immunity; mucosal immunity; neutralizing antibodies; tonsils |
| المشرفين على المادة: | 0 (Immunoglobulin G) 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) 0 (Vaccines) |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20231227 Date Completed: 20231228 Latest Revision: 20240328 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20240329 |
| مُعرف محوري في PubMed: | PMC10750384 |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1291534 |
| PMID: | 38149243 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
Full Text Finder | تدمد: | 1664-3224 |
|---|---|
| DOI: | 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1291534 |