دورية أكاديمية
Probing the hair detectability of prohibited substances in sports: an in vivo-in silico-clinical approach and analytical implications compared with plasma, urine, and faeces.
| العنوان: | Probing the hair detectability of prohibited substances in sports: an in vivo-in silico-clinical approach and analytical implications compared with plasma, urine, and faeces. |
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| المؤلفون: | Hung SH; Doctoral Degree Program in Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan., Kan HL; Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, 350, Taiwan., Tung CW; Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, 350, Taiwan., Lin YC; Doctoral Degree Program in Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.; Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan., Chen TT; Department of Leisure Industry and Health Promotion, College of Humanities and Management, National Ilan University, Yilan County, 260, Taiwan., Tian C; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan., Chang WC; Doctoral Degree Program in Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan. cwchang@kmu.edu.tw.; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan. cwchang@kmu.edu.tw. |
| المصدر: | Archives of toxicology [Arch Toxicol] 2024 Mar; Vol. 98 (3), pp. 779-790. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 15. |
| نوع المنشور: | Journal Article |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: Springer-Verlag Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 0417615 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1432-0738 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03405761 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Arch Toxicol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| أسماء مطبوعة: | Original Publication: Berlin, New York, Springer-Verlag. |
| مواضيع طبية MeSH: | Anabolic Agents* , Doping in Sports*/methods, Animals ; Humans ; Canrenone/analysis ; Diuretics/analysis ; Feces/chemistry ; Hair/chemistry ; Substance Abuse Detection/methods |
| مستخلص: | Hair analysis is a crucial method in forensic toxicology with potential applications in revealing doping histories in sports. Despite its widespread use, knowledge about detectable substances in hair is limited. This study systematically assessed the detectability of prohibited substances in sports using a multifaceted approach. Initially, an animal model received a subset of 17 model drugs to compare dose dependencies and detection windows across different matrices. Subsequently, hair incorporation data from the animal experiment were extrapolated to all substances on the World Anti-Doping Agency's List through in-silico prediction. The detectability of substances in hair was further validated in a proof-of-concept human study involving the consumption of diuretics and masking agents. Semi-quantitative analysis of substances in specimens was performed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results showed plasma had optimal dose dependencies with limited detection windows, while urine, faeces, and hair exhibited a reasonable relationship with the administered dose. Notably, hair displayed the highest detection probability (14 out of 17) for compounds, including anabolic agents, hormones, and diuretics, with beta-2 agonists undetected. Diuretics such as furosemide, canrenone, and hydrochlorothiazide showed the highest hair incorporation. Authentic human hair confirmed diuretic detectability, and their use duration was determined via segmental analysis. Noteworthy is the first-time reporting of canrenone in human hair. Anabolic agents were expected in hair, whereas undetectable compounds, such as peptide hormones and beta-2 agonists, were likely due to large molecular mass or high polarity. This study enhances understanding of hair analysis in doping investigations, providing insights into substance detectability. (© 2024. The Author(s).) |
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| معلومات مُعتمدة: | NSTC112-2628-H-037-001 National Science and Technology Council |
| فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: Alternative matrix; Anabolic steroids; Anti-doping; Diuretics; Sports drug testing; World Anti-Doping Agency |
| المشرفين على المادة: | 0 (Anabolic Agents) 78O20X9J0U (Canrenone) 0 (Diuretics) |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20240115 Date Completed: 20240214 Latest Revision: 20240409 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20240409 |
| مُعرف محوري في PubMed: | PMC10861659 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s00204-023-03667-1 |
| PMID: | 38224356 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
Find this article in full text from Springer Verlag. 
Full Text Finder | تدمد: | 1432-0738 |
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| DOI: | 10.1007/s00204-023-03667-1 |