دورية أكاديمية
أعرض في EDS

Gender and Pathways to Leadership in Academic Anesthesiology: A Qualitative Content Analysis of US Chairpersons' Curricula Vitae.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان: Gender and Pathways to Leadership in Academic Anesthesiology: A Qualitative Content Analysis of US Chairpersons' Curricula Vitae.
المؤلفون: Lane-Fall MB; From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania., Hastie MJ; Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, New York., Kleid M; From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania., Yarabarla V; School of Medicine, Pennsylvania College of Osteopathic Medicine, Suwanee, Georgia., Miltiades AN; Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, New York., Wiener-Kronish JP; Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts., Pian-Smith MC; Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
المصدر: Anesthesia and analgesia [Anesth Analg] 2024 Jan 30. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 30.
Publication Model: Ahead of Print
نوع المنشور: Journal Article
اللغة: English
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 1310650 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1526-7598 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00032999 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Anesth Analg Subsets: MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة: Publication: 1998- : Baltimore, Md. : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Original Publication: Cleveland, International Anesthesia Research Society.
مستخلص: Background: Women are underrepresented in medicine and academic anesthesiology, and especially in leadership positions. We sought to characterize career achievement milestones of female versus male academic anesthesiology chairs to understand possible gender-related differences in pathways to leadership.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational cross-sectional analysis. In November 2019, curricula vitae (CVs) were requested from then-current members of the US Association of Academic Anesthesiology Chairs. Data reflecting accomplishments up to the time of chair appointment were systematically extracted from CVs and analyzed using a mixed methods approach with qualitative content analysis supplemented by descriptive statistics and bivariate statistical testing. Missing data were not imputed.
Results: Seventy-two CVs were received from eligible individuals (response rate 67.3%). The respondent sample was 12.5% women (n = 9), 87.5% men (n = 63), and no transgender or nonbinary people; this is similar to the known gender balance in anesthesiology chairs in the United States. No statistically significant differences in objective markers of academic achievement at the time of chair appointment were evident for female versus male chairs, including time elapsed between the first faculty appointment and assumption of the chair role (median 25 vs 18 years, P = .06), number of publications at the time the chair was assumed (101 vs 69, P = .28), or proportion who had ever held a National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant as principal investigator (44.4% vs 25.4%, 0.25). Four phenotypes of career paths were discernible in the data: the clinician-administrator, the educator, the investigator, and the well-rounded scholar; these did not differ by gender.
Conclusions: Female chairpersons who were members of the Association of Academic Anesthesiology Chairs in the United States demonstrated similar patterns of academic achievement as compared to male chairpersons at the time the position of chair was assumed, suggesting that they were equally qualified for the role as compared to men. Four patterns of career achievements were evident in the chairperson group, suggesting multiple viable pathways to this leadership position.
Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: See Disclosures at the end of the article.
(Copyright © 2024 International Anesthesia Research Society.)
References: Xierali IM, Nivet MA, Rayburn WF. Full-time faculty in clinical and basic science departments by sex and underrepresented in medicine status: a 40-year review. Acad Med. 2021;96:568–575.
Carr PL, Raj A, Kaplan SE, Terrin N, Breeze JL, Freund KM. Gender differences in academic medicine: retention, rank, and leadership comparisons from the national faculty survey. Acad Med. 2018;93:1694–1699.
Fassiotto M, Flores B, Victor R, et al. Rank equity index: measuring parity in the advancement of underrepresented populations in academic medicine. Acad Med. 2020;95:1844–1852.
Richter KP, Clark L, Wick JA, et al. Women physicians and promotion in academic medicine. N Engl J Med. 2020;383:2148–2157.
Lautenberger DM, Dandar VM. The State of Women in Academic Medicine 2018-2019. Association of American Medical Colleges; 2020.
Brotherton SE, Etzel SI. Graduate medical education, 2021-2022. JAMA. 2022;328:1123–1146.
Association of American Medical Colleges. Table 13: U.S. Medical school faculty by gender, rank, and department. In: Faculty Roster: U.S. Medical School Faculty; 2022. Accessed 7/9/2023. https://www.aamc.org/data-reports/faculty-institutions/data/2022-us-medical-school-faculty.
Association of American Medical Colleges. Table C: Department chairs by department, gender, and race/ethnicity. In: Faculty Roster: U.S. Medical School Faculty; 2022. Accessed July 9, 2023. https://www.aamc.org/media/41546/download?attachment.
Miller J, Chuba E, Deiner S, DeMaria S Jr, Katz D. Trends in authorship in anesthesiology journals. Anesth Analg. 2019;129:306–310.
Moeschler SM, Gali B, Goyal S, et al. Speaker gender representation at the American Society of Anesthesiology Annual Meeting: 2011–2016. Anesth Analg. 2019;129:301–305.
Fahy BG, Culley DJ, Sun H, Dainer R, Lutkoski BP, Lien CA. Gender distribution of the American Board of Anesthesiology Diplomates, Examiners, and Directors (1985–2015). Anesth Analg. 2018;127:564–568.
Bissing MA, Lange EMS, Davila WF, et al. Status of women in Academic Anesthesiology: a 10-year update. Anesth Analg. 2019;128:137–143.
Patton EW, Griffith KA, Jones RD, Stewart A, Ubel PA, Jagsi R. Differences in mentor-mentee sponsorship in male vs female recipients of National Institutes of Health Grants. JAMA Intern Med. 2017;177:580–582.
Pisani MA. Women in medicine struggle with mentorship and sponsorship. In. Doximity Op-Med 2018.
Mangurian C, Linos E, Sarkar U, Rodriguez C, Jagsi R. What’s holding women in medicine back from leadership. In. Harvard Business Review 2018. Accessed November 10, 2023. https://hbr.org/2018/06/whats-holding-women-in-medicine-back-from-leadership.
Lyu HG, Davids JS, Scully RE, Melnitchouk N. Association of domestic responsibilities with career satisfaction for physician mothers in procedural vs nonprocedural fields. JAMA Surg. 2019;154:689–695.
Jolly S, Griffith KA, DeCastro R, Stewart A, Ubel P, Jagsi R. Gender differences in time spent on parenting and domestic responsibilities by high-achieving young physician-researchers. Ann Intern Med. 2014;160:344–353.
Morgan AU, Chaiyachati KH, Weissman GE, Liao JM. Eliminating gender-based bias in academic medicine: more than naming the “elephant in the room”. J Gen Intern Med. 2018;33:966–968.
Hemmer PA, Karani R. Let’s face it: we are biased, and it should not be that way. J Gen Intern Med. 2019;34:649–651.
George MR, Markwood M, Rojiani AM. The phenotype of academic pathology chairs. Acad Pathol. 2023;10:100061.
Aron DC. The tripartite mission of academic medicine. In: Aron DC, ed. An Insider’s Guide to Academic Medicine: A Clinical Teacher’s Perspective. Springer International Publishing, 2023:15–22.
O’Brien BC, Harris IB, Beckman TJ, Reed DA, Cook DA. Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research: a synthesis of recommendations. Acad Med. 2014;89:1245–1251.
von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gøtzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP; STROBE Initiative. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Lancet. 2007;370:1453–1457.
Johnson RB, Onwuegbuzie AJ. Mixed methods research: a research paradigm whose time has come. Educ Res. 2016;33:14–26.
Williamson K, Johanson G. Research Methods: Information, Systems, and Contexts. Elsevier Science & Technology; 2017.
Harris PA, Taylor R, Thielke R, Payne J, Gonzalez N, Conde JG. Research electronic data capture (REDCap): a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support. J Biomed Inform. 2009;42:377–381.
Hays DG, Singh AA. Qualitative Inquiry in Clinical and Educational Settings. Guilford Press; 2012.
Mets B, Galford JA, Purichia HR. Leadership of United States academic anesthesiology programs 2006: chairperson characteristics and accomplishments. Anesth Analg. 2007;105:1338–1345, .
Jagsi R, Spector ND. Leading by design: lessons for the future from 25 years of the executive leadership in Academic Medicine (ELAM) program for women. Acad Med. 2020;95:1479–1482.
Wang YC, Brondolo E, Monane R, et al. Introducing the MAVEN Leadership training initiative to diversify the scientific workforce. Elife. 2021;10.
Pashkova AA, Svider PF, Chang CY, Diaz L, Eloy JA, Eloy JD. Gender disparity among US anaesthesiologists: are women underrepresented in academic ranks and scholarly productivity? Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2013;57:1058–1064.
Eloy JA, Svider PF, Cherla DV, et al. Gender disparities in research productivity among 9952 academic physicians. Laryngoscope. 2013;123:1865–1875.
Ha GL, Lehrer EJ, Wang M, Holliday E, Jagsi R, Zaorsky NG. Sex differences in academic productivity across academic ranks and specialties in academic medicine: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4:e2112404.
Pagel PS, Hudetz JA. Scholarly productivity and national institutes of health funding of foundation for anesthesia education and research grant recipients: insights from a bibliometric analysis. Anesthesiology. 2015;123:683–691.
Mayer AP, Blair JE, Ko MG, et al. Gender distribution of US medical school faculty by academic track type. Acad Med. 2014;89:312–317.
Odei BC, Gawu P, Bae S, et al. Evaluation of progress toward gender equity among departmental chairs in academic medicine. JAMA Intern Med. 2021;181:548–550.
Sexton KW, Hocking KM, Wise E, et al. Women in academic surgery: the pipeline is busted. J Surg Educ. 2012;69:84–90.
Brotherton SE, Etzel SI. Graduate medical education, 2020-2021. JAMA. 2021;326:1088–1110.
Dotan G, Qureshi HM, Saraf SS, Darnley-Fisch DA. Leadership of United States academic departments of ophthalmology: chairperson characteristics, accomplishments, and personal insights. Am J Ophthalmol. 2018;186:69–76.
Eckstrand KL, Eliason J, St Cloud T, Potter J. The priority of intersectionality in academic medicine. Acad Med. 2016;91:904–907.
Westring AF, Sammel MD, Speck RM, Tuton LW, Grisso JA, Abbuhl SB. Career trajectories of women from underrepresented minority groups at an academic medical center. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4:e212723.
Murphy M, Callander JK, Dohan D, Grandis JR. Women’s experiences of promotion and tenure in academic medicine and potential implications for gender disparities in career advancement: a qualitative analysis. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4:e2125843.
Farrugia G, Zorn CK, Williams AW, Ledger KK. A qualitative analysis of career advice given to women leaders in an academic medical center. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3:e2011292.
تواريخ الأحداث: Date Created: 20240130 Latest Revision: 20240130
رمز التحديث: 20240131
DOI: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000006821
PMID: 38289863
قاعدة البيانات: MEDLINE
الوصف
تدمد:1526-7598
DOI:10.1213/ANE.0000000000006821