دورية أكاديمية
Long-Term Taste and Smell Outcomes After COVID-19.
| العنوان: | Long-Term Taste and Smell Outcomes After COVID-19. |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Sharetts R; Smell and Taste Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.; Research and Development Division, Sensonics International, Haddon Heights, New Jersey., Moein ST; Smell and Taste Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.; Research and Development Division, Sensonics International, Haddon Heights, New Jersey., Khan R; Smell and Taste Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia., Doty RL; Smell and Taste Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. |
| المصدر: | JAMA network open [JAMA Netw Open] 2024 Apr 01; Vol. 7 (4), pp. e247818. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 01. |
| نوع المنشور: | Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: American Medical Association Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101729235 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2574-3805 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 25743805 NLM ISO Abbreviation: JAMA Netw Open Subsets: MEDLINE |
| أسماء مطبوعة: | Original Publication: Chicago, IL : American Medical Association, [2018]- |
| مواضيع طبية MeSH: | COVID-19*/complications , COVID-19*/epidemiology , SARS-CoV-2* , Taste Disorders*/etiology , Taste Disorders*/epidemiology , Olfaction Disorders*/etiology , Olfaction Disorders*/epidemiology, Humans ; Female ; Male ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Taste/physiology ; Smell/physiology ; Pandemics ; Betacoronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections/complications ; Coronavirus Infections/physiopathology ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/complications ; Pneumonia, Viral/physiopathology ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Self Report ; Aged |
| مستخلص: | Importance: Self-report surveys suggest that long-lasting taste deficits may occur after SARS-CoV-2 infection, influencing nutrition, safety, and quality of life. However, self-reports of taste dysfunction are inaccurate, commonly reflecting deficits due to olfactory not taste system pathology; hence, quantitative testing is needed to verify the association of post-COVID-19 condition with taste function. Objective: To use well-validated self-administered psychophysical tests to investigate the association of COVID-19 with long-term outcomes in taste and smell function. Design, Setting, and Participants: This nationwide cross-sectional study included individuals with and without a prior history of COVID-19 recruited from February 2020 to August 2023 from a social media website (Reddit) and bulletin board advertisements. In the COVID-19 cohort, there was a mean of 395 days (95% CI, 363-425 days) between diagnosis and testing. Exposure: History of COVID-19. Main Outcomes and Measures: The 53-item Waterless Empirical Taste Test (WETT) and 40-item University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) were used to assess taste and smell function. Total WETT and UPSIT scores and WETT subtest scores of sucrose, citric acid, sodium chloride, caffeine, and monosodium glutamate were assessed for groups with and without a COVID-19 history. The association of COVID-19 with taste and smell outcomes was assessed using analysis of covariance, χ2, and Fisher exact probability tests. Results: Tests were completed by 340 individuals with prior COVID-19 (128 males [37.6%] and 212 females [62.4%]; mean [SD] age, 39.04 [14.35] years) and 434 individuals with no such history (154 males [35.5%] and 280 females [64.5%]; mean (SD) age, 39.99 [15.61] years). Taste scores did not differ between individuals with and without previous COVID-19 (total WETT age- and sex-adjusted mean score, 33.41 [95% CI, 32.37-34.45] vs 33.46 [95% CI, 32.54-34.38]; P = .94). In contrast, UPSIT scores were lower in the group with previous COVID-19 than the group without previous COVID-19 (mean score, 34.39 [95% CI, 33.86-34.92] vs 35.86 [95% CI, 35.39-36.33]; P < .001]); 103 individuals with prior COVID-19 (30.3%) and 91 individuals without prior COVID-19 (21.0%) had some degree of dysfunction (odds ratio, 1.64 [95% CI, 1.18-2.27]). The SARS-CoV-2 variant present at the time of infection was associated with smell outcomes; individuals with original untyped and Alpha variant infections exhibited more loss than those with other variant infections; for example, total to severe loss occurred in 10 of 42 individuals with Alpha variant infections (23.8%) and 7 of 52 individuals with original variant infections (13.5%) compared with 12 of 434 individuals with no COVID-19 history (2.8%) (P < .001 for all). Conclusions and Relevance: In this study, taste dysfunction as measured objectively was absent 1 year after exposure to COVID-19 while some smell loss remained in nearly one-third of individuals with this exposure, likely explaining taste complaints of many individuals with post-COVID-19 condition. Infection with earlier untyped and Alpha variants was associated with the greatest degree of smell loss. |
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| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20240423 Date Completed: 20240423 Latest Revision: 20240426 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20240426 |
| مُعرف محوري في PubMed: | PMC11040410 |
| DOI: | 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.7818 |
| PMID: | 38652477 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
Full Text Finder | تدمد: | 2574-3805 |
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| DOI: | 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.7818 |