دورية أكاديمية
Association between exposure to airborne trichloramine and health effects in indoor swimming pool workers.
| العنوان: | Association between exposure to airborne trichloramine and health effects in indoor swimming pool workers. |
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| المؤلفون: | Ahmadpour E; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Public Health Research Center (CReSP), Canada., Debia M; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Public Health Research Center (CReSP), Canada. |
| المصدر: | Annals of work exposures and health [Ann Work Expo Health] 2024 Jul 08; Vol. 68 (6), pp. 593-604. |
| نوع المنشور: | Journal Article |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101698454 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2398-7316 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 23987308 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Ann Work Expo Health Subsets: MEDLINE |
| أسماء مطبوعة: | Original Publication: [Oxford] : Oxford University Press, [2017]- |
| مواضيع طبية MeSH: | Swimming Pools* , Occupational Exposure*/analysis , Occupational Exposure*/adverse effects , Air Pollution, Indoor*/analysis , Air Pollution, Indoor*/adverse effects , Air Pollution, Indoor*/statistics & numerical data , Nitrogen Compounds*/analysis , Nitrogen Compounds*/adverse effects, Humans ; Adult ; Male ; Female ; Nitric Oxide/analysis ; Middle Aged ; Air Pollutants, Occupational/analysis ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Disinfectants/analysis ; Disinfectants/adverse effects ; Young Adult ; Chlorides |
| مستخلص: | Objective: The main objective of this study was to comprehensively investigate the association between trichloramine (TCA) exposure and respiratory health effects in swimming pool workers. Methodology: In this study, air sampling was performed for TCA concentrations at fixed locations (static measurements) and on individual workers (personal measurements) in six indoor public swimming pools during periods of high swimmer attendance over the winter school break. Health effects were evaluated using questionnaires and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) tests performed before and after the working day. Results: In these swimming pools, the environmental TCA concentration ranged from 0.11 to 0.88 mg/m³. Worker exposure ranged from 0.05 to 0.72 mg/m³ for personal measurements. Furthermore, in each swimming pool, the average worker exposure to TCA exceeded the recommended occupational exposure limit of 0.35 mg/m³. Personal TCA measurements were consistently lower than static measurements performed around the pool, with a reduction ranging from 21% to 49%. This can be explained by the time that the workers spend in the pool area, office, and break room. The most common respiratory health effects self-reported by the workers were coughing, shortness of breath, and sneezing with prevalence rates of 38%, 37%, and 35%, respectively. This study demonstrated an association between TCA exposure and eye irritation. Analysis of the FENO tests revealed that individuals with preexisting asthma or allergies exhibited sustained FENO elevation. Conclusion: The findings suggest that occupational exposure to TCA in indoor swimming pools is a matter of concern. Implementing and improving workplace safety measures is crucial for safeguarding the respiratory health of swimming pool workers. (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Occupational Hygiene Society. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.) |
| التعليقات: | Erratum in: Ann Work Expo Health. 2024 Aug 8;68(7):777. doi: 10.1093/annweh/wxae055. (PMID: 38889271) |
| معلومات مُعتمدة: | Occupational and Environmental Health Department of the University of Montreal |
| فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: environmental (static) exposure measurement; fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO); health effect; indoor swimming pool; mitigation strategies; personal exposure measurement; questionnaire; respiratory; trichloramine (NCl3); worker |
| المشرفين على المادة: | VA681HRW8W (nitrogen chloride) 0 (Nitrogen Compounds) 31C4KY9ESH (Nitric Oxide) 0 (Air Pollutants, Occupational) 0 (Disinfectants) 0 (Chlorides) |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20240502 Date Completed: 20240708 Latest Revision: 20240808 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20240808 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/annweh/wxae023 |
| PMID: | 38697921 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
| تدمد: | 2398-7316 |
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| DOI: | 10.1093/annweh/wxae023 |