In Vitro Evaluation of the Virulence Attributes of Oropharyngeal Candida Species Isolated from People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus with Oropharyngeal Candidiasis on Antiretroviral Therapy.
| العنوان: | In Vitro Evaluation of the Virulence Attributes of Oropharyngeal Candida Species Isolated from People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus with Oropharyngeal Candidiasis on Antiretroviral Therapy. |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Musinguzi B; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Muni University, P. O. Box 725, Arua, Uganda., Akampurira A; Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 7072, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda., Derick H; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Muni University, P. O. Box 725, Arua, Uganda., Mwesigwa A; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, P.O Box 317, Kabale University Kabale, Uganda., Mwebesa E; Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Muni University, P. O. Box 725, Arua, Uganda., Mwesigye V; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda., Kabajulizi I; Mycology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda., Sekulima T; Department of Biotechnical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda., Ocheng F; Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda., Itabangi H; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Busitema University, P.O Box 1460, Mbale, Uganda., Mboowa G; African Centre of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Data-Intensive Sciences, Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda., Sande OJ; Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda., Achan B; Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 7072, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. |
| المصدر: | Research square [Res Sq] 2024 May 07. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 07. |
| نوع المنشور: | Preprint |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101768035 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2693-5015 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 26935015 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Res Sq Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE |
| مستخلص: | Background: Oropharyngeal Candida species are part commensal microflora in the the oral cavity of health individuals. Commensal Candida species can become opportunist and transition to pathogenic causes of oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) in individuals with impaired immunity through ecological cues and expression of virulence factors. Limited studies have evaluated virulence attributes of oropharyngeal Candida species among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) with OPC on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Uganda. Objective: Evaluation of the Virulence Attributes of Oropharyngeal Candida Species Isolated from People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus with Oropharyngeal Candidiasis on Antiretroviral Therapy. Methods: Thirty-five (35) Candida isolates from PLHIV with OPC on ART were retrieved from sample repository and evaluated for phospholipase activity using the egg yolk agar method, proteinase activity using the bovine serum albumin agar method, hemolysin activity using the blood agar plate method, esterase activity using the Tween 80 opacity test medium method, coagulase activity using the classical tube method and biofilm formation using the microtiter plate assay method in vitro . Results: Phospholipase and proteinase activities were detected in 33/35 (94.3%) and 31/35 (88.6%) of the strains, respectively. Up to 25/35 (71.4%) of the strains exhibited biofilm formation while esterase activity was demonstrated in 23/35 (65.7%) of the strains. Fewer isolates 21/35 (60%) of the strains produced hemolysin and coagulase production was the least virulence activity detected in 18/35 (51.4%). Conclusion: Phospholipase and proteinase activities were the strongest virulence attributes of oropharyngeal Candida species. Competing Interests: Declarations Competing Interests The author(s) declare no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. |
| References: | Mycopathologia. 2006 Apr;161(4):213-8. (PMID: 16552483) Microb Cell. 2019 Feb 08;6(3):142-159. (PMID: 30854392) Ther Adv Infect Dis. 2024 May 28;11:20499361241255261. (PMID: 38812710) Pathogens. 2021 Apr 12;10(4):. (PMID: 33921490) Eukaryot Cell. 2005 Apr;4(4):633-8. (PMID: 15821123) Curr Med Mycol. 2022 Jun;8(2):32-39. (PMID: 36654790) J Med Microbiol. 1996 Apr;44(4):311-6. (PMID: 8606360) Trends Microbiol. 2011 May;19(5):241-7. (PMID: 21411325) J Clin Microbiol. 2000 Dec;38(12):4626-8. (PMID: 11101607) Int J Med Microbiol. 2013 Jul;303(5):230-8. (PMID: 23684234) Sabouraudia. 1984;22(3):201-7. (PMID: 6379916) J Med Microbiol. 2007 Oct;56(Pt 10):1393-1398. (PMID: 17893179) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006 Aug 15;42(5):578-83. (PMID: 16837865) Med Mycol. 2011 Jul;49(5):548-51. (PMID: 21108576) Braz Oral Res. 2013 Nov-Dec;27(6):484-9. (PMID: 24346046) Mycopathologia. 2007 Dec;164(6):265-9. (PMID: 17874282) J Clin Microbiol. 2003 Dec;41(12):5792-3. (PMID: 14662985) BMC Res Notes. 2017 Nov 2;10(1):543. (PMID: 29096684) Infect Immun. 1994 Nov;62(11):5154-6. (PMID: 7927798) BMC Microbiol. 2008 Aug 12;8:135. (PMID: 18694525) Sabouraudia. 1982 Mar;20(1):7-14. (PMID: 7038928) Pan Afr Med J. 2020 May 19;36:23. (PMID: 32774600) Curr Protein Pept Sci. 2020;21(3):313-323. (PMID: 31544690) Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2015 Mar 21;8(3):e20893. (PMID: 25861439) J Glob Infect Dis. 2011 Jan;3(1):4-8. (PMID: 21572601) J Med Microbiol. 2012 Feb;61(Pt 2):285-290. (PMID: 21959206) Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2003 Sep;67(3):400-28, table of contents. (PMID: 12966142) J Mycol Med. 2013 Jun;23(2):113-8. (PMID: 23706304) J Infect Dev Ctries. 2015 Aug 29;9(8):857-64. (PMID: 26322878) J Lab Physicians. 2018 Oct-Dec;10(4):392-396. (PMID: 30498309) Aust Dent J. 2016 Jun;61(2):190-5. (PMID: 25912248) J Clin Microbiol. 2001 Aug;39(8):2971-4. (PMID: 11474025) Mycoses. 2005 Nov;48(6):365-77. (PMID: 16262871) Indian J Med Res. 2017 May;145(5):635-640. (PMID: 28948954) Biomed Res Int. 2021 May 26;2021:9982744. (PMID: 34136578) J Oral Microbiol. 2020 Sep 14;12(1):1820292. (PMID: 33062200) Sabouraudia. 1965 Oct;4(3):187-93. (PMID: 5873694) BMC Oral Health. 2014 Mar 15;14:20. (PMID: 24628850) Eurasian J Med. 2011 Apr;43(1):27-32. (PMID: 25610156) Rev Iberoam Micol. 1999 Dec;16(4):208-10. (PMID: 18473549) |
| معلومات مُعتمدة: | D43 TW010132 United States TW FIC NIH HHS |
| فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: Candida species; Oropharyngeal candidiasis; phospholipase; proteinase; virulence |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20240520 Latest Revision: 20240724 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20240725 |
| مُعرف محوري في PubMed: | PMC11100903 |
| DOI: | 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4371952/v1 |
| PMID: | 38766148 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
| تدمد: | 2693-5015 |
|---|---|
| DOI: | 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4371952/v1 |