دورية أكاديمية
Complete series method (CSM): a convenient method to reduce daily heterogeneity when evaluating the regeneration time (RT) of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs).
العنوان: | Complete series method (CSM): a convenient method to reduce daily heterogeneity when evaluating the regeneration time (RT) of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs). |
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المؤلفون: | Lugenge AG; Vector Control Product Testing Unit, Environmental Health and Ecological Science Department, Ifakara Health Institute, P.O. Box 74, Bagamoyo, Tanzania. alugenge@ihi.or.tz.; School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania. alugenge@ihi.or.tz., Odufuwa OG; Vector Control Product Testing Unit, Environmental Health and Ecological Science Department, Ifakara Health Institute, P.O. Box 74, Bagamoyo, Tanzania.; Vector Biology Unit, Epidemiology and Public Health Department, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, Allschwil, 4123, Basel, Switzerland.; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001, Basel, Switzerland.; MRC International Statistics and Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, WC1E 7HT, UK., Mseti JJ; Vector Control Product Testing Unit, Environmental Health and Ecological Science Department, Ifakara Health Institute, P.O. Box 74, Bagamoyo, Tanzania.; School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania., Swai JK; Vector Control Product Testing Unit, Environmental Health and Ecological Science Department, Ifakara Health Institute, P.O. Box 74, Bagamoyo, Tanzania.; Vector Biology Unit, Epidemiology and Public Health Department, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, Allschwil, 4123, Basel, Switzerland.; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001, Basel, Switzerland., Skovmand O; MCC47, Castelnau le Lez, France., Moore SJ; Vector Control Product Testing Unit, Environmental Health and Ecological Science Department, Ifakara Health Institute, P.O. Box 74, Bagamoyo, Tanzania.; School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania.; Vector Biology Unit, Epidemiology and Public Health Department, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, Allschwil, 4123, Basel, Switzerland.; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001, Basel, Switzerland. |
المصدر: | Parasites & vectors [Parasit Vectors] 2024 May 22; Vol. 17 (1), pp. 235. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 22. |
نوع المنشور: | Journal Article |
اللغة: | English |
بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101462774 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1756-3305 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17563305 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Parasit Vectors Subsets: MEDLINE |
أسماء مطبوعة: | Original Publication: London : BioMed Central |
مواضيع طبية MeSH: | Insecticide-Treated Bednets* , Anopheles*/physiology , Anopheles*/drug effects , Insecticides*/pharmacology , Mosquito Control*/methods, Animals ; Time Factors ; Pyrethrins/pharmacology ; Permethrin/pharmacology ; Malaria/prevention & control ; Malaria/transmission ; Piperonyl Butoxide/pharmacology |
مستخلص: | Background: "Regeneration time" (RT) denotes the time required to obtain a stable mortality rate for mosquitoes exposed to insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) after three consecutive washes of a net in a day. The RT informs the wash interval used to artificially age ITNs to simulate their lifetime performance under user conditions (20 washes). RT was estimated following World Health Organization (WHO) longitudinal method (LM) procedures. Longitudinal evaluation may introduce heterogeneity due to mosquito batch variability, complicating RT determination. To overcome this, nets at each stage of regeneration (i.e., 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 days post wash) were prepared in advance and refrigerated; then, a complete regeneration series was tested with a single mosquito batch on 1 testing day, completing four series over 4 days. This study compared the complete series method (CSM) against the LM. Methods: The overall heterogeneity in the methods for estimating RT of one incorporated alpha-cypermethrin and piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and one incorporated permethrin with PBO ITNs was determined using laboratory-reared resistant Anopheles arabiensis under standard laboratory conditions. LM methods and CSM were compared in two experiments with refrigerated nets acclimated for (i) 2 h (test 1) and (ii) 3 h (test 2). Four regeneration replicates per day were tested per ITN product with 50 mosquitoes exposed per replicate (equivalent sample size to LM). The heterogeneity from these methods was compared descriptively. Results: The intra-method variability for unwashed pieces was minimal, with variance of 1.26 for CSM and 1.18 for LM. For unwashed nets, LM had substantially greater variance and ratio of LM:CSM was 2.66 in test 1 and 2.49 in test 2. The magnitude of mortality measured in bioassays depended on sample acclimation after refrigeration. Conclusions: The CSM is a convenient method for determining the regeneration times. ITNs are prepared in advance, reducing pressure to prepare all samples to start on a single day. A complete regeneration series of samples is removed from the refrigerator, defrosted and evaluated on a single day with one mosquito batch reducing the influence of mosquito batch heterogeneity on results. Replicates can be conducted over several days but do not have to be conducted on consecutive days, allowing easy facility scheduling. (© 2024. The Author(s).) |
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فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: Anopheles mosquitoes; Cone bioassay; ITN; Insecticide-treated nets; Malaria; Regeneration time; Resistant |
المشرفين على المادة: | 0 (Insecticides) 0 (Pyrethrins) 509F88P9SZ (Permethrin) LWK91TU9AH (Piperonyl Butoxide) 1TR49121NP (cypermethrin) |
تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20240522 Date Completed: 20240523 Latest Revision: 20240525 |
رمز التحديث: | 20240525 |
مُعرف محوري في PubMed: | PMC11110420 |
DOI: | 10.1186/s13071-024-06323-4 |
PMID: | 38778423 |
قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
تدمد: | 1756-3305 |
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DOI: | 10.1186/s13071-024-06323-4 |