Southern Africa's Great Escarpment as an amphitheater of climate-driven diversification and a buffer against future climate change in bats.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان:	Southern Africa's Great Escarpment as an amphitheater of climate-driven diversification and a buffer against future climate change in bats.
المؤلفون:	Taylor PJ; Afromontane Research Unit & Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of the Free State Qwaqwa Campus, Phuthaditjhaba, South Africa., Kearney TC; Ditsong National Museum of Natural History, Pretoria, South Africa.; School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa., Clark VR; Afromontane Research Unit & Department of Geography, University of the Free State: Qwaqwa Campus, Phuthaditjhaba, South Africa., Howard A; Afromontane Research Unit & Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of the Free State Qwaqwa Campus, Phuthaditjhaba, South Africa., Mdluli MV; Afromontane Research Unit & Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of the Free State Qwaqwa Campus, Phuthaditjhaba, South Africa., Markotter W; Centre for Viral Zoonoses, Department of Medical Virology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa., Geldenhuys M; Centre for Viral Zoonoses, Department of Medical Virology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa., Richards LR; Durban Natural Science Museum, Durban, South Africa., Rakotoarivelo AR; Afromontane Research Unit & Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of the Free State Qwaqwa Campus, Phuthaditjhaba, South Africa., Watson J; Department of Economic Development, Tourism and Environmental Affairs, Biodiversity Research, Bloemfontein, South Africa., Balona J; Gauteng and Northern Regions Bat Interest Group, Johannesburg, South Africa., Monadjem A; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni, Eswatini.; Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa.
المصدر:	Global change biology [Glob Chang Biol] 2024 Jun; Vol. 30 (6), pp. e17344.
نوع المنشور:	Journal Article
اللغة:	English
بيانات الدورية:	Publisher: Blackwell Pub Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9888746 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1365-2486 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13541013 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Glob Chang Biol Subsets: MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة:	Publication: : Oxford : Blackwell Pub. Original Publication: Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, 1995-
مواضيع طبية MeSH:	Chiroptera/physiology , Chiroptera/genetics , Climate Change* , DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics , DNA, Mitochondrial/analysis, Animals ; Africa, Southern ; Phylogeny ; Genetic Speciation ; Phylogeography ; Animal Distribution
مستخلص:	Hosting 1460 plant and 126 vertebrate endemic species, the Great Escarpment (hereafter, Escarpment) forms a semi-circular "amphitheater" of mountains girdling southern Africa from arid west to temperate east. Since arid and temperate biota are usually studied separately, earlier studies overlooked the biogeographical importance of the Escarpment as a whole. Bats disperse more widely than other mammalian taxa, with related species and intraspecific lineages occupying both arid and temperate highlands of the Escarpment, providing an excellent model to address this knowledge gap. We investigated patterns of speciation and micro-endemism from modeled past, present, and future distributions in six clades of southern African bats from three families (Rhinolophidae, Cistugidae, and Vespertilionidae) having different crown ages (Pleistocene to Miocene) and biome affiliations (temperate to arid). We estimated mtDNA relaxed clock dates of key divergence events across the six clades in relation both to biogeographical features and patterns of phenotypic variation in crania, bacula and echolocation calls. In horseshoe bats (Rhinolophidae), both the western and eastern "arms" of the Escarpment have facilitated dispersals from the Afrotropics into southern Africa. Pleistocene and pre-Pleistocene "species pumps" and temperate refugia explained observed patterns of speciation, intraspecific divergence and, in two cases, mtDNA introgression. The Maloti-Drakensberg is a center of micro-endemism for bats, housing three newly described or undescribed species. Vicariance across biogeographic barriers gave rise to 29 micro-endemic species and intraspecific lineages whose distributions were congruent with those identified in other phytogeographic and zoogeographic studies. Although Köppen-Geiger climate models predict a widespread replacement of current temperate ecosystems in southern Africa by tropical or arid ecosystems by 2070-2100, future climate Maxent models for 13 bat species (all but one of those analyzed above) showed minimal range changes in temperate species from the eastern Escarpment by 2070, possibly due to the buffering effect of mountains to climate change. (© 2024 The Author(s). Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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معلومات مُعتمدة:	128386 National Research Foundation and Department of Science and Innovation of South Africa; Afromontane Research Unit, University of the Free State; National Research Foundation
فهرسة مساهمة:	Keywords: Afromontane; Chiroptera; baculum; biodiversity evolution; craniometric; cytochrome‐b; echolocation frequency; geographical range; phenotype
المشرفين على المادة:	0 (DNA, Mitochondrial)
تواريخ الأحداث:	Date Created: 20240605 Date Completed: 20240605 Latest Revision: 20240605
رمز التحديث:	20240606
DOI:	10.1111/gcb.17344
PMID:	38837566
قاعدة البيانات:	MEDLINE

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تدمد:	1365-2486
DOI:	10.1111/gcb.17344