دورية أكاديمية
أعرض في EDS

The respiratory system influences flight mechanics in soaring birds.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان: The respiratory system influences flight mechanics in soaring birds.
المؤلفون: Schachner ER; Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. eschachner@ufl.edu., Moore AJ; Department of Anatomical Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA., Martinez A; Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA., Diaz RE Jr; Department of Biological Sciences, California State University Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Echols MS; The Medical Center for Birds, Oakley, CA, USA., Atterholt J; Department of Medical Anatomical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA., W P Kissane R; Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK., Hedrick BP; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA., Bates KT; Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
المصدر: Nature [Nature] 2024 Jun; Vol. 630 (8017), pp. 671-676. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 12.
نوع المنشور: Journal Article
اللغة: English
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0410462 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1476-4687 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00280836 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nature Subsets: MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة: Publication: Basingstoke : Nature Publishing Group
Original Publication: London, Macmillan Journals ltd.
مواضيع طبية MeSH: Flight, Animal*/physiology , Hawks*/anatomy & histology , Hawks*/classification , Hawks*/physiology , Respiration* , Respiratory System*/anatomy & histology , Wings, Animal*/physiology , Wings, Animal*/anatomy & histology, Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Biomechanical Phenomena/physiology ; Lung/anatomy & histology ; Lung/physiology ; Models, Biological ; Muscle, Skeletal/anatomy & histology ; Muscle, Skeletal/physiology ; Male ; Female
مستخلص: The subpectoral diverticulum (SPD) is an extension of the respiratory system in birds that is located between the primary muscles responsible for flapping the wing 1,2 . Here we survey the pulmonary apparatus in 68 avian species, and show that the SPD was present in virtually all of the soaring taxa investigated but absent in non-soarers. We find that this structure evolved independently with soaring flight at least seven times, which indicates that the diverticulum might have a functional and adaptive relationship with this flight style. Using the soaring hawks Buteo jamaicensis and Buteo swainsoni as models, we show that the SPD is not integral for ventilation, that an inflated SPD can increase the moment arm of cranial parts of the pectoralis, and that pectoralis muscle fascicles are significantly shorter in soaring hawks than in non-soaring birds. This coupling of an SPD-mediated increase in pectoralis leverage with force-specialized muscle architecture produces a pneumatic system that is adapted for the isometric contractile conditions expected in soaring flight. The discovery of a mechanical role for the respiratory system in avian locomotion underscores the functional complexity and heterogeneity of this organ system, and suggests that pulmonary diverticula are likely to have other undiscovered secondary functions. These data provide a mechanistic explanation for the repeated appearance of the SPD in soaring lineages and show that the respiratory system can be co-opted to provide biomechanical solutions to the challenges of flight and thereby influence the evolution of avian volancy.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)
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تواريخ الأحداث: Date Created: 20240612 Date Completed: 20240619 Latest Revision: 20240708
رمز التحديث: 20240709
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07485-y
PMID: 38867039
قاعدة البيانات: MEDLINE
الوصف
تدمد:1476-4687
DOI:10.1038/s41586-024-07485-y