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Measuring gravitational attraction with a lattice atom interferometer.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان: Measuring gravitational attraction with a lattice atom interferometer.
المؤلفون: Panda CD; Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA. cpanda@berkeley.edu., Tao MJ; Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA., Ceja M; Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA., Khoury J; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Tino GM; Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Firenze, INFN, CNR-INO, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.; European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy., Müller H; Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA. hm@berkeley.edu.
المصدر: Nature [Nature] 2024 Jul; Vol. 631 (8021), pp. 515-520. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 26.
نوع المنشور: Journal Article
اللغة: English
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0410462 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1476-4687 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00280836 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nature Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE; MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة: Publication: Basingstoke : Nature Publishing Group
Original Publication: London, Macmillan Journals ltd.
مستخلص: Despite being the dominant force of nature on large scales, gravity remains relatively elusive to precision laboratory experiments. Atom interferometers are powerful tools for investigating, for example, Earth's gravity 1 , the gravitational constant 2 , deviations from Newtonian gravity 3-6 and general relativity 7 . However, using atoms in free fall limits measurement time to a few seconds 8 , and much less when measuring interactions with a small source mass 2,5,6,9 . Recently, interferometers with atoms suspended for 70 s in an optical-lattice mode filtered by an optical cavity have been demonstrated 10-14 . However, the optical lattice must balance Earth's gravity by applying forces that are a billionfold stronger than the putative signals, so even tiny imperfections may generate complex systematic effects. Thus, lattice interferometers have yet to be used for precision tests of gravity. Here we optimize the gravitational sensitivity of a lattice interferometer and use a system of signal inversions to suppress and quantify systematic effects. We measure the attraction of a miniature source mass to be a mass  = 33.3 ± 5.6 stat  ± 2.7 syst  nm s -2 , consistent with Newtonian gravity, ruling out 'screened fifth force' theories 3,15,16 over their natural parameter space. The overall accuracy of 6.2 nm s -2 surpasses by more than a factor of four the best similar measurements with atoms in free fall 5,6 . Improved atom cooling and tilt-noise suppression may further increase sensitivity for investigating forces at sub-millimetre ranges 17,18 , compact gravimetry 19-22 , measuring the gravitational Aharonov-Bohm effect 9,23 and the gravitational constant 2 , and testing whether the gravitational field has quantum properties 24 .
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)
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تواريخ الأحداث: Date Created: 20240626 Date Completed: 20240717 Latest Revision: 20240718
رمز التحديث: 20240719
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07561-3
PMID: 38926574
قاعدة البيانات: MEDLINE
الوصف
تدمد:1476-4687
DOI:10.1038/s41586-024-07561-3