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Modulation of metabolic and immunoregulatory pathways in the gut transcriptome of Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.) after early nutritional programming during first feeding with plant-based diet.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان: Modulation of metabolic and immunoregulatory pathways in the gut transcriptome of Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.) after early nutritional programming during first feeding with plant-based diet.
المؤلفون: Tawfik MM; Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.; Hydrobiology Department, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt., Betancor MB; Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom., McMillan S; Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom., Norambuena F; BioMar AS, Trondheim, Norway., Tocher DR; Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom.; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China., Douglas A; Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom., Martin SAM; Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
المصدر: Frontiers in immunology [Front Immunol] 2024 Jul 02; Vol. 15, pp. 1412821. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 02 (Print Publication: 2024).
نوع المنشور: Journal Article
اللغة: English
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation] Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101560960 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1664-3224 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 16643224 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Front Immunol Subsets: MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة: Original Publication: [Lausanne : Frontiers Research Foundation]
مواضيع طبية MeSH: Salmo salar*/immunology , Salmo salar*/genetics , Transcriptome* , Animal Feed*, Animals ; Diet, Vegetarian ; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Diet, Plant-Based
مستخلص: Introduction: Plant-based nutritional programming is the concept of exposing fish at very early life stages to a plant-based diet for a short duration to improve physiological responses when exposed to a similar plant-rich diet at a later developmental stage. The mechanisms of action underlying nutritional programming have not been fully deciphered, and the responses may be controlled at multiple levels.
Methods: This 22-week study examines gut transcriptional changes after nutritional programming. Triplicate groups of Atlantic salmon were fed with a plant (V) vs. a marine-rich (M, control) diet for 2 weeks (stimulus phase) at the first exogenous feeding. Both stimulus fish groups (M and V fish) were then fed the M diet for 12 weeks (intermediate phase) and lastly fed the V diet (challenge phase) for 6 weeks, generating two dietary regimes (MMV and VMV) across phases. This study used a whole-transcriptome approach to analyse the effects of the V diet at the end of stimulus (short-term effects) and 22 weeks post-first feeding (long-term effects). After the stimulus, due to its developmental stage, the whole intestine was used, whereas, after the challenge, pyloric caeca and middle and distal intestines were examined.
Results and Discussion: At the stimulus end, genes with increased expression in V fish enriched pathways including regulatory epigenetic responses and lipid metabolism, and genes involved in innate immune response were downregulated. In the middle intestine at the end of the challenge, expression levels of genes of lipid, carbohydrate, and energy metabolism were increased in V fish, while M fish revealed increased expression of genes associated with autoimmune and acute adaptive immune response. The distal intestine of V fish showed increased expression of genes associated with immune response and potential immune tolerance. Conversely, the distal intestine of M fish at challenge revealed upregulation of lipid and carbohydrate metabolic pathways, tissue degeneration, and apoptotic responses. The present study demonstrated nutritional programming-associated changes in the intestinal transcriptome, with altered expression of genes involved in both immune responses and different metabolic processes. While there were limited changes in growth between the groups, the results show that there were transcriptional differences, suggesting a programming response, although the mechanism of this response still requires to be fully elucidated.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2024 Tawfik, Betancor, McMillan, Norambuena, Tocher, Douglas and Martin.)
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فهرسة مساهمة: Keywords: distal; epigenetic programming; first feeding; hindgut; metabolic programming; midgut; mucosal immunity; transcriptome
تواريخ الأحداث: Date Created: 20240717 Date Completed: 20240717 Latest Revision: 20240718
رمز التحديث: 20240718
مُعرف محوري في PubMed: PMC11249740
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1412821
PMID: 39015564
قاعدة البيانات: MEDLINE
الوصف
تدمد:1664-3224
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1412821