دورية أكاديمية
Integration of the landscape of fear concept in grassland management: An experimental study on subtropical monsoon grasslands in Bardia National Park, Nepal.
| العنوان: | Integration of the landscape of fear concept in grassland management: An experimental study on subtropical monsoon grasslands in Bardia National Park, Nepal. |
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| المؤلفون: | Thapa SK; National Trust for Nature Conservation Lalitpur Nepal.; Zoological Society of London, Nepal Office Kathmandu Nepal., de Jong JF; Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Group Wageningen University and Research Wageningen The Netherlands., Hof AR; Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Group Wageningen University and Research Wageningen The Netherlands., Subedi N; National Trust for Nature Conservation Lalitpur Nepal., Liefting Y; Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Group Wageningen University and Research Wageningen The Netherlands., Prins HHT; Animal Sciences Group Wageningen University Wageningen The Netherlands. |
| المصدر: | Ecology and evolution [Ecol Evol] 2024 Aug 01; Vol. 14 (8), pp. e70098. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 01 (Print Publication: 2024). |
| نوع المنشور: | Journal Article |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: Blackwell Pub. Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101566408 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2045-7758 (Print) Linking ISSN: 20457758 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Ecol Evol Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE |
| أسماء مطبوعة: | Original Publication: [Oxford] : Blackwell Pub. Ltd. |
| مستخلص: | The 'landscape of fear' concept offers valuable insights into wildlife behaviour, yet its practical integration into habitat management for conservation remains underexplored. In this study, conducted in the subtropical monsoon grasslands of Bardia National Park, Nepal, we aimed to bridge this gap through a multi-year, landscape-scale experimental investigation in Bardia National Park, Nepal. The park has the highest density of tigers (with an estimated density of ~7 individuals per 100 km 2 ) in Nepal, allowing us to understand the effect of habitat management on predation risk and resource availability especially for three cervid species: chital ( Axis axis ), swamp deer ( Rucervus duvaucelii ) and hog deer ( Axis porcinus ). We used plots with varying mowing frequency (0-4 times per year), size (ranging from small: 49 m 2 to large: 3600 m 2 ) and artificial fertilisation type (none, phosphorus, nitrogen) to assess the trade-offs between probable predation risk and resources for these cervid species, which constitute primary prey for tigers in Nepal. Our results showed distinct responses of these deer to perceived predation risk within grassland habitats. Notably, these deer exhibited heightened use of larger plots, indicative of a perceived sense of safety, as evidenced by the higher occurrence of pellet groups in the larger plots (mean = 0.1 pellet groups m -2 in 3600 m 2 plots vs. 0.07 in 400 m 2 and 0.05 in 49 m 2 plots). Furthermore, the level of use by the deer was significantly higher in larger plots that received mowing and fertilisation treatments compared to smaller plots subjected to similar treatments. Of particular interest is the observation that chital and swamp deer exhibited greater utilisation of the centre (core) areas within the larger plots (mean = 0.21 pellet groups m -2 at the centre vs. 0.13 at the edge) despite the edge (periphery) also provided attractive resources to these deer. In contrast, hog deer did not display any discernible reaction to the experimental treatments, suggesting potential species-specific variations in response to perceived predation risk arising from management interventions. Our findings emphasise the importance of a sense of security as a primary determinant of habitat selection for medium-sized deer within managed grassland environments. These insights carry practical implications for park managers, providing a nuanced understanding of integrating the 'landscape of fear' into habitat management strategies. This study emphasises that the 'landscape of fear' concept can and should be integrated into habitat management to maintain delicate predator-prey dynamics within ecosystems. Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. (© 2024 The Author(s). Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.) |
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| فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: habitat; herbivores; predation risk; predators; prey; tigers |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20240805 Latest Revision: 20240806 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20240806 |
| مُعرف محوري في PubMed: | PMC11294578 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/ece3.70098 |
| PMID: | 39100204 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
Full Text Finder | تدمد: | 2045-7758 |
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| DOI: | 10.1002/ece3.70098 |