دورية أكاديمية
Increased incidences of cervical ribs in deer indicate extinction risk.
| العنوان: | Increased incidences of cervical ribs in deer indicate extinction risk. |
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| المؤلفون: | Cuxart-Erruz R; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Division Vertebrate Evolution, Development and Ecology, Darwinweg 2, Leiden 2333 CR, The Netherlands., Van Dooren TJM; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Division Vertebrate Evolution, Development and Ecology, Darwinweg 2, Leiden 2333 CR, The Netherlands.; CNRS, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Paris, Sorbonne University, Paris 75005, France., van der Geer AAE; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Division Vertebrate Evolution, Development and Ecology, Darwinweg 2, Leiden 2333 CR, The Netherlands., Galis F; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Division Vertebrate Evolution, Development and Ecology, Darwinweg 2, Leiden 2333 CR, The Netherlands. |
| المصدر: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2024 Sep 24; Vol. 121 (39), pp. e2406670121. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 16. |
| نوع المنشور: | Journal Article |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: National Academy of Sciences Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7505876 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1091-6490 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00278424 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Subsets: MEDLINE |
| أسماء مطبوعة: | Original Publication: Washington, DC : National Academy of Sciences |
| مواضيع طبية MeSH: | Extinction, Biological* , Deer* , Fossils*, Animals ; Cervical Rib/abnormalities ; Incidence |
| مستخلص: | Mammals as a rule have seven cervical vertebrae, a number which remains remarkably conserved. Occasional deviations of this number are usually due to the presence of cervical ribs on the seventh vertebra, indicating a homeotic transformation from a cervical rib-less vertebra into a thoracic rib-bearing vertebra. These transformations are often associated with major congenital abnormalities or pediatric cancers (pleiotropic effects) that are, at least in humans, strongly selected against. Based on data from Late Pleistocene mammoths ( Mammuthus primigenius ) and woolly rhinoceroses ( Coelodonta antiquitatis ) from the North Sea, we hypothesized that high incidences of cervical ribs in declining populations are due to inbreeding and/or adverse conditions impacting early pregnancies. In this study, we investigated the incidence of cervical ribs in an extinct Late Pleistocene megaherbivore, giant deer ( Megaloceros giganteus ) from Ireland and in the extant highly inbred Père David deer ( Elaphurus davidianus ) and in twenty other extant species. We show that the incidence of cervical ribs is exceptionally high in both the Irish giant deer and the Père David deer and much higher than in extant outbred deer. Our data support the hypothesis that inbreeding and genetic drift increase the frequencies of maladaptive alleles in populations at risk of extinction. The high incidence of cervical ribs indicates a vulnerable condition, which may have contributed to the extinction of megaherbivore species in the Late Pleistocene. We argue that cervical rib frequency may be a good proxy for extinction risk in inbred populations. Competing Interests: Competing interests statement:The authors declare no competing interest. |
| معلومات مُعتمدة: | MT fellowship Naturalis Biodiversity Center (Naturalis); DK-TAF-2183 EC | European Research Council (ERC) |
| فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: Elaphurus davidianus; Late Pleistocene; Megaloceros giganteus; congenital abnormalities; inbreeding |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20240916 Date Completed: 20240916 Latest Revision: 20240916 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20240917 |
| DOI: | 10.1073/pnas.2406670121 |
| PMID: | 39284067 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
| تدمد: | 1091-6490 |
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| DOI: | 10.1073/pnas.2406670121 |