التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
| العنوان: |
Arctic Clouds and Precipitation in the Community Earth System Model Version 2. |
| المؤلفون: |
McIlhattan, Elin A., Kay, Jennifer E., L'Ecuyer, Tristan S. |
| المصدر: |
Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres; 11/27/2020, Vol. 125 Issue 22, p1-22, 22p |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: |
EARTH system science, ATMOSPHERIC models, ALGORITHMS, PERSONAL watercraft, SURFACE temperature |
| مستخلص: |
The Arctic climate is changing rapidly, warming at about twice the rate of the planet. Global climate models (GCMs) are invaluable tools both for understanding the drivers of these changes and predicting future Arctic climate evolution. While GCMs are continually improving, there remain difficulties in representing cloud processes which occur on scales smaller than GCM resolution. Since clouds influence the Arctic energy and water cycles, their accurate representation in models is critical for robust future projections. In this work, we examine the representation of Arctic clouds and precipitation in the Community Earth System Model (CESM) with the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM), comparing the newly released version (CESM2 with CAM6) with its predecessor (CESM1 with CAM5). To isolate changes in the Arctic mean state, we compare preindustrial control runs. Arctic cloud ice has decreased slightly, while cloud water has increased dramatically in CESM2. Annual mean liquid‐containing cloud (LCC) frequency has increased from 19% in CESM1 to 51% in CESM2. Since LCCs strongly modulate downwelling radiation at the surface, their increase has led to an increase in mean downwelling longwave (+22 W m−2) and corresponding decrease in downwelling shortwave (−23 W m−2) radiation. The mean Arctic surface temperature increased from 257 K in CESM1 to 260 K in CESM2, with the largest seasonal difference in winter (+6 K). Annual average snowfall has decreased slightly (−1 mm month−1), while rainfall has increased (+5 mm month−1). Key Points: The mean Arctic state in CESM2 is cloudier, warmer, and rainier than in CESM1Arctic cloud liquid water path is five times greater in CESM2 relative to CESM1Arctic rainfall increases in CESM2 relative to CESM1, occurring year‐round across the region in the new version [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
|
Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
| قاعدة البيانات: |
Complementary Index |
Full Text Finder