| مستخلص: |
Two laboratory experiments were conducted in the college of Agriculture laboratories - Karbala University with the aim of isolating and fusion the protoplast of three types of rice. A factorial experiment according to the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replicates was used in this study, where the first experiment included 3 cultivars (Anber33, Jasmine, and Al-Mushkhab 2) as the first factor, and two methods of isolating protoplast (the enzymatic method and the nano balls method - a new method) which considered as the second factor. The second experiment included three combinations of two protoplast units mixture with a density of 3*105 (protoplast unit/ml) for rice cultivars (Anber and Jasmine), (Anber and Al Mushkhab2), and (Jasmine and Al Mushkhab 2) as the first factor, and treatments by Poly Ethylene Glycol (PEG) with three concentrations 0, 15% and 30% was considered as the second factor. The results showed that the nano balls method to isolate protoplast had a significant superiority by giving the highest protoplast yield of 4.22 x 105 protoplast/ml, while the enzymatic method was superiority by giving the highest percentage of living protoplast of 93.96%. The results also showed that the PEG30% concentration was superiority by giving the highest percentage of binary fusion and number of microcolonies 86.12% and 6038 microcolonies per Petridish, respectively, superiority in the comparison treatment. Within cultivars combinations, the (Anber33+ Jasmine) achieved the highest number of microcolonies with 3562 microcolonies per Petridish, and there was a significant interaction between the concentrations of the fusion factor and the cultivars mixture, where the PEG30%treatment and (Anber33+ Jasmine) was given the highest number of microcolonies, amounted 6,425 microcolonies per Petridish. From the study findings, it can be concluded the possibility of adopting the new method (nano balls) to isolate the rice cultivars protoplast because being low cost and easy to use. The fusion of the local aromatic cultivar Anber33 which characterized by average productivity, high quality and long growth season, with the high-productivity, medium growth season aromatic cultivar Jasmine refers to the opportunity to acquire a new genotype of high-quality (high-aromatic) rice, Palatable, highly productive, average growth period. Therefore, it is a priority to continue with the program of callus production, then the plantlet production to produce this new genotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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