Human follicular mites: Ectoparasites becoming symbionts
| العنوان: | Human follicular mites: Ectoparasites becoming symbionts |
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| المؤلفون: | Smith G, Manzano Marín A, Reyes-Prieto M, Ribeiro Antunes CS, Ashworth V, Goselle ON, Jan AAA, Moya A, Latorre A, Perotti MA, Braig HR |
| المصدر: | MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION r-FISABIO. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica instname |
| بيانات النشر: | Oxford University Press, 2022. |
| سنة النشر: | 2022 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | circadian rhythm, extinction, human microbiome, Acari, photoreceptor, genome erosion |
| الوصف: | Most humans carry mites in the hair follicles of their skin for their entire lives. Follicular mites are the only metazoans tha continuously live on humans. We propose that Demodex folliculorum (Acari) represents a transitional stage from a host-injuring obligate parasite to an obligate symbiont. Here, we describe the profound impact of this transition on the genome and physiology of the mite. Genome sequencing revealed that the permanent host association of D. folliculorum led to an extensive genome reduction through relaxed selection and genetic drift, resulting in the smallest number of protein-coding genes yet identified among panarthropods. Confocal microscopy revealed that this gene loss coincided with an extreme reduction in the number of cells. Single uninucleate muscle cells are sufficient to operate each of the three segments that form each walking leg. While it has been assumed that the reduction of the cell number in parasites starts early in development, we identified a greater total number of cells in the last developmental stage (nymph) than in the terminal adult stage, suggesting that reduction starts at the adult or ultimate stage of development. This is the first evolutionary step in an arthropod species adopting a reductive, parasitic or endosymbiotic lifestyle. Somatic nuclei show underreplication at the diploid stage. Novel eye structures or photoreceptors as well as a unique human host melatonin-guided day/night rhythm are proposed for the first time. The loss of DNA repair genes coupled with extreme endogamy might have set this mite species on an evolutionary dead-end trajectory. |
| تدمد: | 1537-1719 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=RECOLECTA___::5c211a6e5d35a8861e44b2b7453b6bbf https://fundanet.fisabio.san.gva.es/publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=13717 |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.RECOLECTA.....5c211a6e5d35a8861e44b2b7453b6bbf |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 15371719 |
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