The success of direct brain stimulation as a treatment for neurological disorders such as Parkinson's Disease has led to increased interest in developing stimulation-based therapeutic applications for other cognitive domains, such as learning and memory. Here, we review recent advances in using stimulation for memory modulation and enhancement in humans. An expanded set of stimulation targets have been studied that can modulate broad memory networks and behavioral performance. Using online neural decoding during memory processing, closed-loop systems have been used to deliver stimulation with greater precision and improve behavioral outcomes. The data suggest strategies for future therapeutic applications to treating memory dysfunction.
