The Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) ion channel family plays an important role in cardiomyocyte calcium homeostasis, particularly in diseased states. Here, we test the hypothesis that the osmotically-activated TRP Vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel enhances cardiomyocyte calcium transients in the aged heart following hypoosmotic stress. Expression of TRPV4 was low in cardiomyocytes of Young (3-6 month) mice, but significantly increased in cardiomyocytes of Aged (24-26 month) mice. In cardiomyocytes of Aged, hypoosmotic stress (250 mOsm) induced an increase in calcium transient amplitude (F/F0:3.6±0.1 hypoosmotic versus 2.9±0.2 isosmotic, P