Myocarditis is a rare pathologic condition in paediatric age. It occurs above all in childhood and adolescence. Generally, it is brought about by a typical association with viral infections that cause a massive activation of the inflammatory cascade accountable for the damage in the myocardial tissue. Onset symptoms are not specific and do not often appear to be of cardiac origin, mostly in the youngest children. On the contrary, during adolescence, thoracic pain is likely to be present in the clinical scenario as in the reported case. Laboratory tests, electrocardiography and transthoracic echocardiography can help focus the clinical picture and especially cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is becoming a useful non-invasive investigative method. In contrast endomyocardial biopsy along with histoimmunological analysis is less used given its invasiveness and possible complications. The role of paediatricians is to recognize the patient at risk and promptly address them to the most appropriate diagnostic-therapeutic pathway.
