Analysis and forecast of extreme new-snow avalanches: a numerical study of the avalanche cycles of February 1999 in France
| العنوان: | Analysis and forecast of extreme new-snow avalanches: a numerical study of the avalanche cycles of February 1999 in France |
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| المؤلفون: | Marie Rousselot, Yves Durand, Gérald Giraud, Laurent Mérindol, Luc Daniel |
| المصدر: | Journal of Glaciology. 56:758-770 |
| بيانات النشر: | International Glaciological Society, 2010. |
| سنة النشر: | 2010 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | 010506 paleontology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, Massif, Snowpack, Snow, 01 natural sciences, Instability, Scale (map), Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes |
| الوصف: | Snow and weather conditions typical of exceptional cycles of fresh-snow avalanches in the northern Alps are investigated using the numerical avalanche-hazard forecasting procedure of Météo-France. Sensitivity tests are performed on the events of February 1999 in the Chamonix France region, and resulting snowpack instability modeled at the massif scale is compared using adapted new indices and maps. Our results complete conclusions of earlier observation-based studies by providing new insights into the snow and weather conditions of February 1999. The large avalanches mainly resulted from large and very unstable fresh-snow accumulations. Moreover, the snowpack instability was increased locally by wind transport of light and fresh snow in February. The mechanical weaknesses resulting from the weather conditions prior to February were a key factor in explaining the unusual volumes of these avalanches. This study suggests that the operational numerical SAFRAN/Crocus/ MÉPRA (SCM) chain provides reliable forecasts of extreme new-snow avalanche situations at the massif scale, but that local-scale simulations are still needed to improve the efficiency of risk mitigation and civil protection policies. |
| تدمد: | 1727-5652 0022-1430 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::8976a153e1fec89862b0d2c49806a2c9 https://doi.org/10.3189/002214310794457308 |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi...........8976a153e1fec89862b0d2c49806a2c9 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 17275652 00221430 |
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