Because of the local crack and seepage, a double curvature arch dam of concrete block in Jiangxi Province was urgently needed to strengthen, and the construction period was limited seriously. In order to solve the problem of drainage, a diversion tunnel about 24m must get throng in two weeks, and it is proved that the blasting excavation scheme is the only choice. Meanwhile, monitoring measurement must be taken to ensure the dam’s safety. In this article, the optimization design of blasting excavation and a vibration monitoring are completed and carried out respectively. Theoretical calculations and monitoring results showed that, those design schemes are scientific and rational, and disadvantageous effect of blasting vibration is under the control fully.