Decontamination methods of tanks to spray 2,4-D and dicamba and the effects of these herbicides on citrus and vegetable species
| العنوان: | Decontamination methods of tanks to spray 2,4-D and dicamba and the effects of these herbicides on citrus and vegetable species |
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| المؤلفون: | Andréia Cristina Silva Hirata, Rafael Pires da Silva, Patricia Andrea Monquero, Ana Victoria Jeronimo, Gustavo Dutra Roesler, Luana Carolina Gomes Jonck |
| المصدر: | AUGUST 2020. :1302-1309 |
| بيانات النشر: | Southern Cross Publishing, 2020. |
| سنة النشر: | 2020 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | chemistry.chemical_compound, Horticulture, chemistry, fungi, Dicamba, food and beverages, Environmental science, Plant Science, Human decontamination, Agronomy and Crop Science |
| الوصف: | In agriculture, the development of plants resistant to 2,4-D and dicamba tends to result in increased use of these herbicides in agricultural areas and consequently increases the risk in susceptible species. The aims of the present study are to assess the effects of 2,4-D and dicamba on citrus (Citrus sinensis var. Pêra Rio), lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. Stella) and tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum var. Santa Clara) and determine the best method for spray tank decontamination after applying such herbicides. All the experiments followed a completely randomized design with five replications. To study the effects of 2,4-D and dicamba on sensitive plants, experiments were performed on the following cultivated species: citrus, lettuce and tomato. Each species was subjected to 2,4-D (D, 670 g a.i. ha-1) and dicamba (D, 560 g a.i. ha-1) applied at doses of 0 D, 1 D, 0.5 D, 0.12 D, 0.03 D, 0.007 D and 0.001 D (of commercial doses (Ds)). In another experiment, the following methods were adopted to clean tanks used to spray 2,4-D and dicamba at commercial doses: wash with water (1x), water (2x), water (3x), water + 96% alcohol (1:1), water + detergent (2.5%) or no washing. The tanks were filled with water after treatment. The young tomato plants were used as bioindicators. Regarding plant sensitivity, citrus plants exhibited low potential for suffering losses due to 2,4-D and dicamba drift. The plants tolerated a dose of 0.12 D for both herbicides. Lettuce and tomato were extremely sensitive to 2,4-D and dicamba. Lettuce tolerated 2,4-D at a dose of 0.007 D but showed phytotoxicity symptoms; the tolerated dicamba dose was 0.03 D. Only the 0.03 D dose of 2,4-D was tolerated by tomato. Although the tomato plants presented phytotoxicity symptoms, the tolerated dicamba dose was 0.007 D. For the tank cleaning experiment, the spray tank cleaning by thoroughly washing in water (2x) was the most appropriate method to clean tanks used to spray 2,4-D. Washing with water (2x, at a minimum), water + alcohol (1:1) or water + detergent was equally effective to clean tanks filled with dicamba. Therefore, the study shows that the application of 2,4-D and dicamba in areas close to young Citrus sinensis plants should be avoided given that vegetable species, such as lettuce and tomato, do not tolerate the minimum drift of these herbicides. Double washing with water would be the most economical and effective method of cleaning tanks used to house these herbicides. |
| تدمد: | 1835-2707 1835-2693 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::bcafbbba20e69db7cd35383358ff1653 https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.20.14.08.p2586 |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi...........bcafbbba20e69db7cd35383358ff1653 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 18352707 18352693 |
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