Robust and persistent links between early-life adversities and later-life mental distress have previously been observed. Individual and social resources are associated with greater mental health and resilience. This study aimed to test these resources as moderators and mediators of the association between childhood psychosocial adversity and later-life mental distress. Participant data came from the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development, a nationally-representative birth cohort study. The General Health Questionnaire-28(GHQ-28) captured mental distress at ages 53,60-64, and 68–69. An eight-item cumulative psychosocial adversity score was created(0,1,2,≥3 adversities). Individual(i.e. childhood cognition, childhood self-organisation, education, occupational status, physical activity), social(i.e. social support, neighbourhood cohesion) resources were examined as mediators and moderators of CPA and GHQ-28 in longitudinal multilevel models.Greater adversity was associated with an average GHQ-28 score increase of 0.017, per unit adversity(β=0·017, p
