We are developing instrumentation for adaptive multimodality imaging, a form of non-linear optimization where imaging parameters are automatically adjusted in response to the object. We have designed and built an adaptive, helical-scan cone-beam x-ray CT system suitable for small-animal studies and are retrofitting one of our existing FastSPECT systems to add adaptive capabilities. We discuss the system designs and how adaptive strategies can provide an increase in performance on various medical imaging tasks relative to current imaging procedures.