Background: Mantoux test was introduced over century ago, is still usedas a laboratory test in epidemiological studiesofMycobacterium tuberculosis infection (MTI) in most developing countries. Mantoux test is based on simple application but it could be limited by high false positive results. The cost limits the application of newer techniques. Therefore, we analyzed retrospectively the Mantoux test positivity in relation to clinical details suspected of MTI over 5-year period. Methods: The 5-year retrospective study was carried out in the Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, between 1999-2003. Data extracted were of patientswith various clinical details of whichMantoux test requested. Mantuox test induration diameter of > 5mm is scored positive. Results: Of 3218 patients examined, positive results recorded in 1532 (47.6%): 980 (30.1%) males and 562 (17.5%) females. Age-group distribution, 21-40 (27.0%), 60 years (1.7) (p 15mm (15.8%) and 5-9mm (7.6%) (p
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