Precipitation softening: a pretreatment process for seawater desalination
| العنوان: | Precipitation softening: a pretreatment process for seawater desalination |
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| المؤلفون: | Mahmoud Al-Hindi, Ramez M. Zayyat, George M. Ayoub |
| المصدر: | Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 21:2876-2887 |
| بيانات النشر: | Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2013. |
| سنة النشر: | 2013 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Osmosis, Salinity, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Carbonates, chemistry.chemical_element, Desalination, Water Purification, Chemical Precipitation, Sodium Hydroxide, Environmental Chemistry, Seawater, Reverse osmosis, Softening, Boron, Bacteria, Fouling, Magnesium, Membrane fouling, Temperature, Environmental engineering, Membranes, Artificial, General Medicine, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Silicon Dioxide, Pulp and paper industry, Pollution, Brine, chemistry, Metals, Filtration |
| الوصف: | Reduction of membrane fouling in reverse osmosis systems and elimination of scaling of heat transfer surfaces in thermal plants are a major challenge in the desalination of seawater. Precipitation softening has the potential of eliminating the major fouling and scaling species in seawater desalination plants, thus allowing thermal plants to operate at higher top brine temperatures and membrane plants to operate at a reduced risk of fouling, leading to lower desalinated water costs. This work evaluated the use of precipitation softening as a pretreatment step for seawater desalination. The effectiveness of the process in removing several scale-inducing materials such as calcium, magnesium, silica, and boron was investigated under variable conditions of temperature and pH. The treatment process was also applied to seawater spiked with other known fouling species such as iron and bacteria to determine the efficiency of removal. The results of this work show that precipitation softening at a pH of 11 leads to complete elimination of calcium, silica, and bacteria; to very high removal efficiencies of magnesium and iron (99.6 and 99.2 %, respectively); and to a reasonably good removal efficiency of boron (61 %). |
| تدمد: | 1614-7499 0944-1344 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::4b139a0979c4be33350bc3b49ef47388 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-2237-1 |
| حقوق: | CLOSED |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi.dedup.....4b139a0979c4be33350bc3b49ef47388 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
Find this article in full text from Springer Verlag. | تدمد: | 16147499 09441344 |
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