Human and climate global-scale imprint on sediment transfer during the Holocene
| العنوان: | Human and climate global-scale imprint on sediment transfer during the Holocene |
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| المؤلفون: | Jean-Philippe Jenny, Irene Gregory-Eaves, Sujan Koirala, Alexandre Normandeau, Nuno Carvalhais, Bernd Zolitschka, Pierre Francus, Bernhard Ahrens, Antti E.K. Ojala, Alexandre Baud, Victor Brovkin, Christoph Niemann |
| المساهمون: | Centre Eau Terre Environnement [Québec] (INRS - ETE), Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS), Department of Biogeochemical Integration [Jena], Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Aix-Marseille Université - Faculté de médecine (AMU MED), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Geological Survey of Finland = Geologian tutkimuskeskus tuottaa (GKT), Geological Survey of Canada [Québec] (GSC Québec), Geological Survey of Canada - Office (GSC), Natural Resources Canada (NRCan)-Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), University of Bremen, AXA Research Fund, Canada Research Chairs, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, McGill University, Geological Survey of Finland, DCEA - Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente |
| المصدر: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, National Academy of Sciences, 2019, 116 (46), pp.22972-22976. ⟨10.1073/pnas.1908179116⟩ Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) instacron:RCAAP PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA |
| سنة النشر: | 2019 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | FLUX, Global soil erosion, 010506 paleontology, Biogeochemical cycle, EROSION, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], C ages, Land cover, Lake records, 01 natural sciences, varved sediments, C-14 ages, Pollens, SDG 13 - Climate Action, RATES, 14. Life underwater, General, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, SDG 15 - Life on Land, Multidisciplinary, Aquatic ecosystem, Sediment, Varved sediments, 14C ages, 15. Life on land, Sedimentation, lake records, 13. Climate action, Earth and Environmental Sciences, LAKE-SEDIMENTS, Physical Sciences, Erosion, Environmental science, pollens, Physical geography, Water quality, global soil erosion, Environmental Sciences |
| الوصف: | Significance Using a compilation of 14C and pollen data of lake sediment records from over 632 sites globally, we identified the timings of first increase in lake sedimentation. Changes in lake sediment rates at this time are closely linked to increased sediment supply from hillslope erosion. The analysis on the relative roles of the driving factors indicated that a significant portion of the Earth’s surface shifted to human-driven soil erosion already 4,000 y ago following land deforestation. The long-term perspective afforded by this synthesis provides evidence that human beings are a geological force that have altered lateral soil and sediment transfers globally well before the great acceleration in human activity post-World War II and before the start of the Industrial Revolution. Accelerated soil erosion has become a pervasive feature on landscapes around the world and is recognized to have substantial implications for land productivity, downstream water quality, and biogeochemical cycles. However, the scarcity of global syntheses that consider long-term processes has limited our understanding of the timing, the amplitude, and the extent of soil erosion over millennial time scales. As such, we lack the ability to make predictions about the responses of soil erosion to long-term climate and land cover changes. Here, we reconstruct sedimentation rates for 632 lakes based on chronologies constrained by 3,980 calibrated 14C ages to assess the relative changes in lake-watershed erosion rates over the last 12,000 y. Estimated soil erosion dynamics were then complemented with land cover reconstructions inferred from 43,669 pollen samples and with climate time series from the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model. Our results show that a significant portion of the Earth surface shifted to human-driven soil erosion rate already 4,000 y ago. In particular, inferred soil erosion rates increased in 35% of the watersheds, and most of these sites showed a decrease in the proportion of arboreal pollen, which would be expected with land clearance. Further analysis revealed that land cover change was the main driver of inferred soil erosion in 70% of all studied watersheds. This study suggests that soil erosion has been altering terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems for millennia, leading to carbon (C) losses that could have ultimately induced feedbacks on the climate system. |
| وصف الملف: | application/zip; application/pdf |
| تدمد: | 0027-8424 1091-6490 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::4f365f81bcd32f87c9ae5907a00888a6 https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0005-1A5D-721.11116/0000-0004-EEE5-E21.11116/0000-0004-EEEA-9 |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi.dedup.....4f365f81bcd32f87c9ae5907a00888a6 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 00278424 10916490 |
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