Exploring the self-reported motivations of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) use: a cross-sectional investigation
| العنوان: | Exploring the self-reported motivations of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) use: a cross-sectional investigation |
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| المؤلفون: | Oliver Grundmann, Charles A. Veltri, Diana Morcos, David Knightes, Kirsten E. Smith, Darshan Singh, Ornella Corazza, Eduardo Cinosi, Giovanni Martinotti, Zach Walsh, Marc T. Swogger |
| المصدر: | The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. 48:433-444 |
| بيانات النشر: | Informa UK Limited, 2022. |
| سنة النشر: | 2022 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Medicine (miscellaneous) |
| الوصف: | Background: Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) use outside of Southeast Asia has increased over the past decade. Objectives: This investigation clarifies kratom’s role in perceived well-being, overall health, and temporal correlation with drug use to understand kratom’s role in the self-treatment of substance use disorders (SUDs). Methods: Between July 2019 and July 2020 an anonymous, cross-sectional, online survey was taken by 7,381 people who use kratom (PWUK) recruited through social media and other online resources. This included an assessment of (a) the relationship between self-reported overall health, concomitant use of drugs of misuse, and demographics; (b) the perceived effectiveness of kratom in self-treating diagnosed health conditions or symptoms; (c) the profile of PWUK primarily for drug dependence, pain, and mood or mental health conditions based on demographics. Results: A total of 5,152 valid responses (45.9% females/53.7% males) were collected. Kratom was primarily used for self-treating pain (73.0%) and improving emotional or mental health conditions (42.2%) without clinical supervision. Those with a SUD (synthetic opioids, methadone, benzodiazepines, or heroin) used kratom after discontinuing illicit or other drugs (94.8%). The primary substances taken before or concomitantly with kratom were cannabis, cannabidiol, benzodiazepines, or kava. PWUKs report a dose-dependent benefit for alleviating pain and relieving negative moods. Adverse effects were primarily gastrointestinal, typically at high (>5 g/dose) and frequent (>22 doses/week) dosing. Conclusions: Kratom was primarily used as a harm-reduction agent for SUDs and self-treatment of chronic conditions. Healthcare professionals need better information about kratom, its potential adverse effects, and clinically significant drug interactions. |
| تدمد: | 1097-9891 0095-2990 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::58285e17a6f81bca2615afc935e8a526 https://doi.org/10.1080/00952990.2022.2041026 |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi.dedup.....58285e17a6f81bca2615afc935e8a526 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
PDF full text from Publisher | تدمد: | 10979891 00952990 |
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