Epidemiology and Molecular Typing of Trypanosoma cruzi in Naturally-Infected Hound Dogs and Associated Triatomine Vectors in Texas, USA
| العنوان: | Epidemiology and Molecular Typing of Trypanosoma cruzi in Naturally-Infected Hound Dogs and Associated Triatomine Vectors in Texas, USA |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Lewis Dinges, Karen F. Snowden, Sarah A. Hamer, Rachel Curtis-Robles, Glennon Mays, Brandon J. Dominguez, Sandy Rodgers |
| المصدر: | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 1, p e0005298 (2017) |
| بيانات النشر: | Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2017. |
| سنة النشر: | 2017 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Male, 0301 basic medicine, Physiology, Triatoma sanguisuga, Antibodies, Protozoan, Artificial Gene Amplification and Extension, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Geographical locations, Serology, 0302 clinical medicine, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Medicine and Health Sciences, Dog Diseases, Triatoma, Vector (molecular biology), Mammals, Protozoans, biology, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Hematology, Texas, Body Fluids, 3. Good health, Blood, Infectious Diseases, Vertebrates, Female, Anatomy, Research Article, Chagas disease, Trypanosoma, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, lcsh:RC955-962, Trypanosoma cruzi, 030231 tropical medicine, Research and Analysis Methods, 03 medical and health sciences, Dogs, parasitic diseases, Parasitic Diseases, medicine, Animals, Seroprevalence, Chagas Disease, Molecular Biology Techniques, Molecular Biology, Molecular epidemiology, Organisms, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Biology and Life Sciences, lcsh:RA1-1270, Triatoma gerstaeckeri, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Parasitic Protozoans, United States, Insect Vectors, Vector-Borne Diseases, Cross-Sectional Studies, 030104 developmental biology, Amniotes, North America, Immunology, People and places |
| الوصف: | Background Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiologic agent of Chagas disease throughout the Americas. Few population-level studies have examined the epidemiology of canine infection and strain types of T. cruzi that infect canines in the USA. We conducted a cross-sectional study of T. cruzi infection in working hound dogs in south central Texas, including analysis of triatomine vectors collected within kennel environments. Methodology/Principle Findings Paired IFA and Chagas Stat-Pak serological testing showed an overall seroprevalence of 57.6% (n = 85), with significant variation across kennels. Dog age had a marginally significant effect on seropositivity, with one year of age increase associated with a 19.6% increase in odds of being seropositive (odds ratio 95% CI 0.996–1.435; p = 0.055). PCR analyses of blood revealed 17.4% of dogs harbored parasite DNA in their blood, including both seronegative and seropositive dogs. Molecular screening of organs from opportunistically sampled seropositive dogs revealed parasite DNA in heart, uterus, and mammary tissues. Strain-typing showed parasite discrete typing units (DTU) TcI and TcIV present in dog samples, including a co-occurrence of both DTUs in two individual dogs. Bloodmeal analysis of Triatoma gerstaeckeri and Triatoma sanguisuga insects collected from the kennels revealed exclusively dog DNA. Vector infection with T. cruzi was 80.6% (n = 36), in which T. gerstaeckeri disproportionately harbored TcI (p = 0.045) and T. sanguisuga disproportionately harbored TcIV (p = 0.029). Tracing infection status across dog litters showed some seropositive offspring of seronegative dams, suggesting infection of pups from local triatomine vectors rather than congenital transmission. Conclusions/Significance Canine kennels are high-risk environments for T. cruzi transmission, in which dogs likely serve as the predominant parasite reservoir. Disease and death of working dogs from Chagas disease is associated with unmeasured yet undoubtedly significant financial consequences because working dogs are highly trained and highly valued. Author Summary The parasite Trypanosoma cruzi can cause Chagas disease in humans and dogs. The parasite is typically spread through the feces of a blood-sucking ‘kissing bug’ insect. Despite many documented cases in dogs across Texas, there are few population-level research studies investigating canine Chagas disease in multi-dog kennels in Texas. We sampled a total of 86 dogs from three kennels in south central Texas. We found 58% of the dogs had antibodies indicating they had been exposed to the parasite, and 17% of the dogs had parasite DNA circulating in their blood. We found that over 80% of kissing bugs collected from the kennels were infected. Further, using a bloodmeal analysis technique, we detected that all tested bugs had recently fed on dog blood. Our findings indicate that dog kennels can serve as an environment where kissing bugs and dogs interact, and that outdoor, multi-dog kennels in areas with kissing bugs are high risk areas for Trypanosoma cruzi transmission in dogs. |
| تدمد: | 1935-2735 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::6c6fd52bd3391cee24f75ad46b48371b https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005298 |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi.dedup.....6c6fd52bd3391cee24f75ad46b48371b |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 19352735 |
|---|