Tackling the cytokine storm in COVID-19, challenges and hopes
| العنوان: | Tackling the cytokine storm in COVID-19, challenges and hopes |
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| المؤلفون: | Hany A. Omar, Shifaa M. Abdin, Dima W. Alhamad, Shatha K. Alyammahi, Sara M. Elgendy |
| المصدر: | Life Sciences |
| بيانات النشر: | Elsevier BV, 2020. |
| سنة النشر: | 2020 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | 0301 basic medicine, ARDS, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Pneumonia, Viral, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Review Article, Cytokine storm, IL-6 inhibitors, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, Dexamethasone, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Betacoronavirus, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Epidemiology, Humans, IL-1 inhibitors, Medicine, General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics, Intensive care medicine, Pandemics, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, JAK inhibitors, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Mortality rate, COVID-19, Hydroxychloroquine, General Medicine, Mast cell stabilizers, medicine.disease, Coronavirus, Pneumonia, 030104 developmental biology, Cytokine, Respiratory failure, Cytokines, Coronavirus Infections, business, medicine.drug |
| الوصف: | The outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the current world health concern, presenting a public health dilemma with ascending morbidity and mortality rates exceeding any previous viral spread, without a standard effective treatment yet. SARS-CoV-2 infection is distinguished with multiple epidemiological and pathological features, one of them being the elevated levels of cytokine release, which in turn trigger an aberrant uncontrolled response known as “cytokine storm”. This phenomenon contributes to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), leading to pneumonia and respiratory failure, which is considered a major contributor to COVID-19-associated fatality rates. Taking into account that the vast majority of the COVID-19 cases are aggravated by the respiratory and multiorgan failure triggered by the sustained release of cytokines, implementing therapeutics that alleviate or diminish the upregulated inflammatory response would provide a therapeutic advantage to COVID-19 patients. Indeed, dexamethasone, a widely available and inexpensive corticosteroid with anti-inflammatory effects, has shown a great promise in reducing mortality rates in COVID-19 patients. In this review, we have critically compared the clinical impact of several potential therapeutic agents that could block or interfere with the cytokine storm, such as IL-1 inhibitors, IL-6 inhibitors, mast cell targeting agents, and corticosteroids. This work focused on highlighting and contrasting the current success and limitations towards the involvement of these agents in future treatment protocols. Graphical abstract Unlabelled Image Highlights • Sustained cytokine release is the major hallmark in COVID-19 patients. • Cytokine storm contributes to COVID-19 associated pulmonary damage. • Attenuating cytokine storm offers a promising therapeutic window to COVID-19. • Targeting interleukins, JAK, and mast cell can counteract cytokine storm. • Dexamethasone showed promise as an effective treatment in Covid-19 severe cases. |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 0024-3205 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118054 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::763a72ecd417141c8def65494c3c2481 |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi.dedup.....763a72ecd417141c8def65494c3c2481 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 00243205 |
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| DOI: | 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118054 |