Apelin and GDF-15 have been proposed as biomarkers of age-related sarcopenia but evidence in human models is scarce. This study aimed to explore the associations between blood apelin and GDF-15 with sarcopenia incidence and the evolution of sarcopenia components over two years in older adults70 years.Secondary longitudinal analysis of the Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial.Older adults (70 years) attending primary care centers in France and Monaco.Community.Serum Apelin (pg/mL) and plasma GDF-15 (pg/mL) were measured. Outcomes included sarcopenia defined by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) and its determinants (appendicular lean mass [ALM] evaluated through a Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scan, handgrip strength (HGS) and the 4-meter gait speed) measured over 2 years. Linear mixed models and logistic regression were used to explore the longitudinal associations.We included 168 subjects from MAPT (median age=76y, IQR=73-79; 78% women). Serum apelin was not significantly associated with sarcopenia incidence (OR=1.001;95%CI=1.000,1.001;p-value0.05 in full-adjusted models) nor with ALM (β=-5.8E-05;95%CI=-1.0E-04,2.12E-04;p0.05), HGS (β=-1.1E-04;95%CI=-5.0E-04,2.8E-04;p0.05), and GS (β=-5.1E-06;95%CI=-1.0E-05,2.0E-05;p0.05) in fully adjusted models. Similarly, plasma GDF-15 was not associated with both the incidence of sarcopenia (OR=1.001,95%CI=1.000,1.002,p0.05) and the evolution of its determinants ([ALM, β=2.1E-05;95%CI=-2.6E-04,3.03E-04;p0.05], HGS [β=-5.9E-04;95%CI=-1.26E-03,8.1E-05; p0.05] nor GS [β=-2.6E-06;95%CI=-3.0E-05, 2.3E-05;p0.05]) in fully adjusted models.Blood apelin and GDF-15 were not associated with sarcopenia incidence or with the evolution of sarcopenia components over a 2-year follow-up in community-dwelling older adults. Well-powered longitudinal studies are needed to confirm or refute our findings.
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