Prairie dog–to-human tularemia transmission, Texas, 2002
| العنوان: | Prairie dog–to-human tularemia transmission, Texas, 2002 |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Nordin S. Zeidner, Leos Celeda, May C. Chu, John A. Monteneiri, Darcy A. Bawiec, Sandra K. Urich, Jeannine M. Petersen, Kenneth L. Gage, Tara K. Sealy, Yan Zhou, Leon G. Carter, Jacob L. Kool, Brook Yockey, Jan Buck, Swati B. Avashia, Martin E. Schriefer, Connie Lindley |
| المصدر: | Emerging Infectious Diseases Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol 10, Iss 3, Pp 419-425 (2004) |
| سنة النشر: | 2004 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Microbiology (medical), Veterinary medicine, Rodent, Epidemiology, lcsh:Medicine, Prairie dog, Biology, Cynomys ludovicianus, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Disease Outbreaks, Tularemia, culture-positive, biology.animal, medicine, Animals, Humans, oropharyngeal, lcsh:RC109-216, seropositive, Microtus, Francisella tularensis, exotic pets, Castor canadensis, outbreak, Research, wild-caught animals, lcsh:R, Outbreak, Sciuridae, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Antibodies, Bacterial, Texas, species jumping, Infectious Diseases, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct, Commentary, prairie dogs |
| الوصف: | Francisella tularensis is the causative agent of the zoonotic disease tularemia (1,2). As few as 10 organisms are sufficient to cause severe disease and death, making F. tularensis one of the most infectious bacterial pathogens known. Thus, F. tularensis is considered to be a biological threat agent that poses a substantial risk to public health (3). Infections with F. tularensis are widely distributed and occur in >100 wildlife species in the Northern Hemisphere (4,5). Two subspecies of F. tularensis are most commonly associated with human and animal disease: tularensis (Type A) and holarctica (Type B) (6,7). Type A is found almost exclusively in North America and is associated with a severe form of disease in humans and rabbits (Lepus spp.). It is commonly differentiated from Type B by its ability to produce acid from glycerol. Type B is found throughout the Northern Hemisphere (holarctic region); it does not produce acid from glycerol and rarely causes death in humans. Type B is most frequently isolated from rodent species, including muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus), mice (Mus musculus), beaver (Castor canadensis), voles (Microtus spp.), and water voles (Arvicola terrestris). Infections with F. tularensis also occur in the black-footed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) (8). This finding has particular public health significance since wild-caught prairie dogs are sold as pets both domestically and internationally. Wild prairie dogs are found throughout the Great Plains of North America from southern Canada to just inside Mexico. Every year, pups are collected in the United States during April through July and are distributed to pet stores throughout the country as well as being exported internationally. The first literature report of tularemia in captive prairie dogs described F. tularensis infection in three wild-caught animals in 1986 (8). Subsequently, F. tularensis infection caused by Type B was confirmed by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Fort Collins, Colorado, in wild-caught prairie dogs, originating from on animal exporter and shipped to research institutions in Boston and Houston from 1996 to 1997. In the summer of 2000, CDC again confirmed Type B infection in a wild-caught prairie dog. In this case, a family traveling from Ohio purchased two prairie dogs from a dealer in Kansas; one animal died during transport, while the second animal displayed disease and died after they arrived home. In August of 2002, an outbreak of tularemia was identified as the cause of a die-off among wild-caught, commercially traded prairie dogs at an exotic animal facility in Texas. We describe laboratory findings from this investigation. The epidemiologic findings of the investigation are reported separately (9). During this outbreak, many animals died of infection with F. tularensis. However, a small number of surviving animals developed antibodies against F. tularensis, suggesting that prairie dogs can survive an infection of tularemia. All seropositive animals were also found to harbor live infectious bacteria, suggesting that prairie dogs may be persistently infected. These findings have important public health implications in light of commercial prairie dog trade practices. |
| تدمد: | 1080-6040 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::81cf6d49ec321e8cd2984a5c6aaeb24e https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15116706 |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi.dedup.....81cf6d49ec321e8cd2984a5c6aaeb24e |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 10806040 |
|---|