To determine the success and complication rates of ultrasonographically guided manual compression in patients with femoral arterial injuries after femoral arterial catheterization, we performed 53 sonographically guided compression repairs in 51 patients. Ultrasonographically guided compression repair was performed on 40 pseudoaneurysms in non-anticoagulated patients, seven pseudoaneurysms in anticoagulated patients, four arteriovenous fistulas on non-anticoagulated patients, and one pseudoaneurysm combined with an arteriovenous fistula. One pseudoaneurysm underwent two separate ultrasonographically guided compression repairs: once when the patient was anticoagulated and once after anticoagulants were withheld. Ultrasonographically guided compression repair was successful in 37 of 48 pseudoaneurysms (77%). Of the 40 pseudoaneurysms in non-anticoagulated patients, ultrasonographically guided compression repair was successful in 36 (90%). This repair technique failed in all seven pseudoaneurysms in anticoagulated patients. Ultrasonographically guided compression repair was successful in 13 of 16 (81%) multilobulated pseudoaneurysms but failed in all arteriovenous fistulas and the one case of pseudoaneurysm combined with an arteriovenous fistula. Ultrasonographically guided compression repair is a safe and effective alternative to surgery for the repair of pseudoaneurysms, including multilobulated pseudoaneurysms. The procedure does not appear to be effective in the anticoagulated patient or in patients with an arteriovenous fistula.
