Prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impairment and their associated risk factors, in three tribal areas of Andhra Pradesh, India
| العنوان: | Prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impairment and their associated risk factors, in three tribal areas of Andhra Pradesh, India |
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| المؤلفون: | Rohit C Khanna, Nakul Singh, Padmaja Kumari Rani, Srinivasa Reddy, Ghanshyam Palamaner Subash Shantha, Shiva Shankar Eeda, Bala Krishna Gudapati, Pushkar Kanade, Subhabrata Chakrabarti |
| المصدر: | PLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 7, p e100644 (2014) PLoS ONE |
| بيانات النشر: | Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2014. |
| سنة النشر: | 2014 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Male, Refractive error, medicine.medical_specialty, Visual acuity, Epidemiology, Visual impairment, Vision Disorders, India, lcsh:Medicine, Research and Analysis Methods, Blindness, Cataract, Cataracts, Age groups, Risk Factors, Ophthalmology, Medicine and Health Sciences, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, Public and Occupational Health, lcsh:Science, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Survey Research, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, lcsh:R, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, Refractive Errors, medicine.disease, Survey Methods, Research Design, Female, lcsh:Q, medicine.symptom, business, Research Article, Demography |
| الوصف: | OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of blindness and visual impairment (VI), their associated causes and underlying risk factors in three tribal areas of Andhra Pradesh, India and compare this data in conjunction with data from other countries with low and middle income settings. METHODS: Using a validated Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness methodology, a two stage sampling survey was performed in these areas involving probability proportionate to size sampling and compact segment sampling methods. Blindness, VI and severe visual impairment (SVI) were defined as per the WHO guidelines and Indian definitions. RESULTS: Based on a prior enumeration, 7281 (97.1%) subjects were enrolled (mean age = 61.0+/-7.9 years). Based on the presenting visual acuity (PVA), the prevalences of VI, SVI and blindness were 16.9% (95% CI: 15.7-18.1), 2.9% (95% CI: 2.5-3.4), and 2.3% (95% CI: 1.9-2.7), respectively. When based on the Pinhole corrected visual acuity (PCVA), the prevalences were lower in VI (6.2%, 95% CI: 5.4-6.9), SVI (1.5%, 95% CI: 1.2-1.9) and blindness (2.1%, 95% CI: 1.7-2.5). Refractive error was the major cause of VI (71.4%), whereas, cataract was the major cause of SVI and blindness (70.3%). Based on the PVA, the odds ratio (OR) of blindness increased in the age groups of 60-69 years (OR = 3.8, 95% CI: 2.8, 5.1), 70-79 years (OR = 10.6, 95% CI: 7.2, 15.5) and 80 years and above (OR = 30.7, 95% CI: 19.2, 49). The ORs were relatively higher in females (OR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0, 1.6) and illiterate subjects (OR = 4.3, 95% CI: 2.2, 8.5), but lower in those wearing glasses (OR = 0.2, 95% CI: 0.1, 0.4). CONCLUSIONS: This is perhaps the first study to assess the prevalence of blindness and VI in these tribal regions and the majority of the causes of blindness and SVI were avoidable (88.5%). These findings may be useful for planning eye care services in these underserved regions. |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 1932-6203 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::89ae3132f23d7b412be98d25fda7cc26 http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4090120?pdf=render |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi.dedup.....89ae3132f23d7b412be98d25fda7cc26 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 19326203 |
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