Current status of primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus: clinical features, pathology, management and prognosis
| العنوان: | Current status of primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus: clinical features, pathology, management and prognosis |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Yoshiaki Kajiyama, Fuyumi Isayama, Masahiko Tsurumaru, Takayuki Amano, Yoshimi Iwanuma, Natsumi Tomita, Takuo Hayashi |
| المصدر: | Journal of Gastroenterology. 47:21-28 |
| بيانات النشر: | Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2011. |
| سنة النشر: | 2011 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Esophageal Neoplasms, medicine.medical_treatment, Diagnosis, Differential, Sex Factors, Biopsy, medicine, Adjuvant therapy, Humans, Age of Onset, Neoplasm Metastasis, Esophagus, Melanoma, Survival rate, Melanins, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Middle Aged, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Esophagectomy, Survival Rate, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cutaneous melanoma, Female, Differential diagnosis, business |
| الوصف: | Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus (PMME) is a rare disease with an extremely poor prognosis. Up to 2011, approximately 300 cases had been reported worldwide. The average age of onset is 60.5 years old, with a prevalence of males (2:1). A typical finding of PMME is a lobular or polyploid, well-circumscribed and pigmented tumor, partly covered with normal mucosa. PMME represents various colors depending on its melanin quantity and commonly coexists with intramural metastases, melanocytosis or melanoma in situ. The tumor is located from the middle to lower thoracic esophagus. The accuracy of diagnosis from biopsy is approximately 80%, because many cases are misdiagnosed as a poorly differentiated carcinoma because of the absence of melanin granules. A definite diagnosis was made by immunohistochemical examination with positive results of S100 protein, HMB45 and neuron-specific enolase. PMME has a highly metastatic potential, and the incidence of distant metastasis at the initial diagnosis is around 40-80%. A metastatic tumor from cutaneous malignant melanoma is another pigmented esophageal tumor to be considered when making the differential diagnosis for PMME. Junctional activity with melanotic cells in the adjacent epithelium and the presence of in situ melanoma and/or a satellite tumor without a previous history of cutaneous melanoma are definitive. Most of the reported patients were treated with radical esophagectomy, which is believed to be an effective approach for localized PMME. Five-year survival rates have been achieved in 37% recently, while adjuvant therapy has not been proven to increase overall survival but plays a palliative role. |
| تدمد: | 1435-5922 0944-1174 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::975899be7af4470493a5d9a3427a0b79 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-011-0490-y |
| حقوق: | CLOSED |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi.dedup.....975899be7af4470493a5d9a3427a0b79 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
Find this article in full text from Springer Verlag. | تدمد: | 14355922 09441174 |
|---|